‎L'enjeu du Centre Georges Pompidou - ‎

‎ Préface de Robert Bordaz - Paris : Union générale d'éditions (coll. 10/18), 1977 - Format poche sous couverture illustrée en couleurs de 307 pages illustrées de dessins en noir dans et hors texte - bon état - EDITION ORIGINALE - ‎

‎L’art de concevoir et gérer un musée‎

‎Paris, Editions Le Moniteur, 2023, 17 x 24, 320 pages sous couverture souple illustrée. Iconographie couleurs. "A partir de 1975, une série impressionnante de constructions, d'extensions et de rénovations bouleverse le monde des musées, mobilisant les architectes les plus réputés. En témoigne le Centre Georges-Pompidou, inauguré à Paris en 1977. Aujourd'hui, la France compte plus de 2 000 musées. Il s'en construit toujours plus chaque année, que ce soit à Paris ou en région, et ils accueillent quelque 80 millions de visiteurs. Cet ouvrage offre la vision unique de deux personnes emblématiques du monde culturel en France ; les auteurs dressent un panorama complet des institutions muséales, du concept à la gestion concrète du projet et de l'établissement, à travers leur riche expé-rience, étayant leur propos par de nombreux exemples, définitions et recommandations issus de leur pratique professionnelle. Organisé selon les étapes d'élaboration du projet muséal, ce guide permet : - d'en comprendre les enjeux ; - d'identifier et de situer chaque acteur aux différents stades de ce projet ; - d'élaborer un projet scientifique et culturel (PSC) ; - de définir les orientations et les stratégies ; - d'acquérir les notions indispensables (définitions, chiffres-clés, etc.) à la gestion de projet ; - de déterminer l'enveloppe budgétaire nécessaire ; - d'analyser les interactions entre les collections, les publics, l'environnement et le futur bâtiment ; - de conduire le projet jusqu'à l'inauguration de l'établissement ; - de gérer et d'entretenir le musée, d'accueillir le public, etc. Il aborde aussi bien les constructions neuves que les réhabilitations et les extensions de musées, en s'appuyant sur des réalisations exemplaires récemment inaugurées, tout en articulant l'organisation du projet muséal autour d'un programme ou d'un PSC. Véritable outil pédagogique, cet ouvrage est destiné aux chefs de projet, directeurs d'établissement et conservateurs, élus locaux et services techniques des collectivités, ainsi qu'aux architectes et programmistes. Cette 2° édition met l'accent sur la dimension sociétale des musées à travers l'art-thérapie et la conservation. Elle intègre des musées qui ont vu le jour ou ont réouvert à la suite de travaux de restauration ou d'embellissement (le musée Soulages, le musée de Cluny, le nouveau musée IMA, etc.). Elle tient également compte du contexte sanitaire récent qui a vu croître la fréquentation numérique des musées, notamment via les réseaux sociaux."‎

‎Très bon état.‎

‎L'univers étrange de Carlo Mollino.‎

‎Centres Georges Pompidou, 1989. Collection "Monographie". In-4 relié sous jaquette noire imprimée (31 x 21,5 cm), 174 pages, nombreuses illustrations en noir et en couleurs. Excellent état.‎

‎New York in Photographs : Includes 24 Framable Images‎

‎, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2010 Paperback, 52 pages, ENG, 355 x 280 x 10 mm, Large Format, Full Page b/w photographs, in New condit. ISBN 9780764145605.‎

‎Titles in Barron's brand-new series of "Art Portfolios " each present 24 stunning reproductions of memorable works from the collection of New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art. Enlightening descriptive texts supplement these large reproductions, each of which is true to its original artwork. Pictures are printed on heavy matte-coated paper and are easily removable from its portfolio, which makes them suitable for framing. The skyscrapers of New York's financial district, the Flatiron Building, the bridges of Manhattan, and many other New York City landmarks are captured in 24 memorable black-and-white photographs from the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art's vast photography collection.‎

‎Historia General del Arte Mexicano : Danzas y Bailes Populares.‎

‎Buenos Aires, Editorial Hermes Mexico, 1976 Hardcover with dustjacket, 239 pages, 29 x 22 cm, Spanish text. *Very good condition. ISBN 9788439959885.‎

‎ISBN 10: 8439959885 / ISBN 13: 9788439959885 Historia General del Arte Mexicano : Danzas y Bailes Populares.‎

‎KOLLWITZ : TAKING A STAND ‎

‎, Hirmer Verlag (Thames), 2024 HB, 280 x 240 mm, ENG. edition, 240 pages, NEW , 192 illustrations, ****Expo : 18/06/2024 - 16/08/2024, Kunsthaus Z rich, Switzerland **** Z rich and Kunsthalle Bielefeld. ISBN 9783777442327.‎

‎Examines the art and passion of K the Kollwitz, who used art to bring a voice to political issues. Raw, unprettified, and decried in conservative circles as "gutter art," K the Kollwitz employed her art uncompromisingly as a political voice for the social and human misery of her time. Her focus always lay on the dignity of humankind. Taking a Stand provides wide-ranging insight into the commitment and creative work of the artist, whose achievements are more topical than ever. It covers the entire spectrum of Kollwitz's creative work, including the world-famous cycles of the graphic works A Weavers' Revolt and Peasants' War, rare proofs, moving drawings, and sculptures, each of which showcases all facets of her masterful skills. The political dimension of Kollwitz's art becomes tangible in a particularly impressive manner through her posters. The unbroken validity of her work is demonstrated in a juxtaposition with the interventions by the contemporary artist Mona Hatoum, which revolve around topics such as vulnerability, persecution, and the experience of conflict.‎

‎Mona Kuhn : Private‎

‎, Steidl, 2014 Hardcover, 110 pages, ENG, 315 x 305 x 18 mm, dustjacket, in NEW condition ! illustrated in soft colours. ISBN 9783869307091.‎

‎For a new monograph, Private, Kuhn's fifth publication for Steidl, the photographer focused her gaze on the bleached tones and broad expanses of light that bathe the Mojave Desert, a few hours drive from her Los Angeles home. In a series of thoughtful and intimate compositions, Kuhn catalogs flora and fauna, most of it coarse-grained and engineered for survival. Landscapes are windswept and invite introspection. Hard light falls on no-nonsense structures that are built to last. Punctuated throughout these pages are female nudes, bathed in the same supple light and shadow, their faces mostly serene. As in previous series by Kuhn, the artist employs glass as a secondary lens and means of filtration and dissolution of identity, shooting her subjects from outside of structures, allowing their features to soften and meld with the reflections of the surrounding terrain. The sequencing of the images in Private is expertly tuned to tease out the complex relationship between the vulnerability of the nude female form and the rugged natural context which Kuhn employs as a backdrop. Kuhn's models are mostly supine, the softness of their luminous skin a foil and a complement to the jagged, indomitable geology of the landscape in which they find themselves. Against this backdrop, the self is by turns magnified and diminished into a dreamy, sensual phenomenology.--Kevin Greenberg "The Last Magazine "‎

‎Palais et maisons du Caire, 1 poque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe si cle)‎

‎Paris, Editions du CNRS, 1982 Couverture rigide faux cuir, 268 pages, 21 x 27 cm, Fran ais. *Comme neuf. ISBN 9782222028529.‎

‎Palais et maisons du Caire, 1 poque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe si cle)‎

‎Palais et maisons du Caire, 2 poque ottomane (XVIe-XVIIIe si cle)‎

‎Paris, Editions du CNRS, 1983 Couverture rigide faux cuir, 602 pages, 21 x 27 cm, Fran ais. *Comme neuf. ISBN 9782222031550.‎

‎Palais et maisons du Caire, 2 poque ottomane (XVIe-XVIIIe si cle)‎

‎Les passages en Europe‎

‎Les éditions du Mécène 1993 In-4 relié 29,7 cm sur 22,5. 327 pages. Jaquette en bon état. Bon état d’occasion.‎

‎Edition réalisée par La Ségécé, compagnie bancaire Bon état d’occasion ‎

‎Villes Rêvées‎

‎Paris Les Éditions Du Mécène 1998 In Quarto , Oblong Avec la collaboration de Philippe Chiambaretta . IIlustré de nombreuses photographies et dessins en couleurs et noir et blanc . Architecture .- 192 p. , 1 kg 600 gr.‎

‎Couverture rigide Très Bon État . Jaquette en bon état 1ère Édition‎

‎Le Paris du Baron Haussmann. Paris sous le Second Empire. Centenaire du Baron Hausmann 1891-1991, les Mémoires‎

‎ 1991 Editions Seesam - RCI - 1991 - In-4, cartonnage éditeur, sous jaquette illustrée - 415 pages - Importante iconographie en noir et blanc et en couleurs en et hors texte‎

‎Bon état ‎

‎La mission héliographique Cinq photographes parcourent la France en 1851 ‎

‎44.éditions du patrimoine 2002 - In-4, cartonnage illustré sous jaquette illustrée de l'éditeur. Nombreuses reproductions photographiques dans, hors-texte et pleine page en couleurs et noir et blanc, 319 pages. La Jaquette est ,très légèrement, défraîchie et tachee... Photos possibles ‎

4 Images

‎Le livre est lourd! Et les frais d’envoi sont calculés au plus juste suivant la destination ‎

‎Vue générale de Venise.‎

‎Vue générale de Venise. Vue d’optique rehaussée en couleur. Belle épreuve du XVIIIème siècle, sur vergé, encadrée. Louis Joseph MONDHARE graveur, et éditeur. Signature à la pointe, en marge inférieure gauche. 365x210mm plus marge ; titre dans la marge inférieure. Sous passe-partout .Dimensions avec encadrement 390x 470mm.‎

4 Images

‎AIDE-MEMOIRE TRAVAUX PUBLICS / TOME 1 - A L'USAGE DES: INGENIEURS, ARCHITECTES, ENTREPRENEURS, CONDUCTEURS, AGENTS VOYERS, METREURS ET COMMIS DE TRAVAUX - 67ème EDITION.‎

‎DUNOD. 1954. In-16. Relié. Etat d'usage, Couv. convenable, Dos satisfaisant, Intérieur frais. XVIII + 234 + LXIV pages augmentées de nombreuses illustrations et formules mathématiques en noir et blanc dans et hors texte.. . . . Classification Dewey : 720-Architecture‎

‎ Classification Dewey : 720-Architecture‎

‎"Assainissement général des villes et des petites collectivités; tome IV : Partie administrative."‎

‎Paris, Dunod, 1934. "16 x 25, 399 pp., broché, bon état (1 cachet d'ex-propriétaire; couverture défraîchie)."‎

‎Tome 4 seul.‎

‎Mondriaan compleet‎

‎, Atrium 2001, 2001 Softcover, 575 pagina's, NL, 215 x 170 mm, in goede staat, met illustraties / foto's in kleur en z/w. ISBN 9789066139299.‎

‎Pieter Cornelis (Piet) Mondriaan (Amersfoort, 7 maart 1872 ? New York, 1 februari 1944) was een Nederlandse kunstschilder en kunsttheoreticus, die op latere leeftijd in het buitenland woonde en werkte. Mondriaan wordt algemeen gezien als een pionier van de abstracte en non-figuratieve kunst. Vooral zijn latere geometrisch-abstracte werk, met de kenmerkende horizontale en verticale zwarte lijnen en primaire kleuren, is wereldberoemd en dient als inspiratiebron voor vele architecten en ontwerpers van toegepaste kunst. Hij was een van de belangrijkste medewerkers van het tijdschrift De Stijl en ontwikkelde een eigen kunsttheorie, die hij nieuwe beelding of neoplasticisme noemde. Hij is in het buitenland beter bekend als Mondrian, een wijziging die hij zelf invoerde nadat hij in Parijs was gaan wonen. In 1908 werd hij lid van de Theosofische Vereniging.‎

‎LE MUSEE DE L' ANNONCIADE : SAINT-TROPEZ‎

‎, RMN, 1993 Broches, 118 pages, Francais, Illustrations. ISBN 9782911809316.‎

‎THE MUSEE DE L'ANNONCIADE : Saint Tropez‎

‎, RMN, 1993 Paperback, 118 pages, English, Illustrated. ISBN 9782911809323.‎

‎I Eglises et Chapelles- Combrailles et patrimoine‎

‎Le regard et l'écriture. 1994. In-12. Broché. Bon état, Coins frottés, Dos frotté, Intérieur frais. 95 pages. Texte sur plusieurs colonnes. Nombreuses illustrations et photos en couleurs et en noir et blanc, in texte.. . . . Classification Dewey : 720-Architecture‎

‎ Classification Dewey : 720-Architecture‎

‎Le livre d'or du Lyonnais du Forez et du Beaujolais.‎

‎Bibliothèque De La Ville Lyon 1866 in-8 de 93 pages, en bon etat ,Archéologie ProvençaleProvincia.Recueil de Textes.Archéologie Provençale.Synopsis:- bibliographie ligure- Jean de Villages, Viguier de Marseille- Provence chrétienne, monuments, histoires, légendes- paléolithique en Provence‎

‎Boukhara, Samarakand, Turkestan, une histoire de l'architecture musulmane en Asie centrale‎

‎Esitions France-Kazakhstan Seine et Marne Reliure 2005 In-4 (21 x 29.7 cm), reliure thermocollée, 54 pages, iconographie en couleurs , léger fendillement en tête du mors postérieur, très bon état d'ensemble par ailleurs. Livraison a domicile (La Poste) ou en Mondial Relay sur simple demande.‎

‎Philosophical Psychology in Late-Medieval Commentaries on Peter Lombard's Sentences. Acts of the XIVth Annual Colloquium of the Soci t Internationale pour l' tude de la Philosophie M di vale, Radboud Universiteit, 28-30 October 2009‎

‎, Brepols, 2020 Hardback, xxii + 445 pages, Size:156 x 234 mm, Language: English. ISBN 9782503589091.‎

‎Summary The proceedings of the SIEPM Colloquium at Nijmegen published in this volume bring together new evidence for how the corpus of late-medieval commentaries on the Sentences, especially from the second half of the fourteenth century, contributed to the development of philosophical psychology within the discipline of theology. The relation among the faculties of the soul, the limits of knowledge, hylomorphism and the union of soul and body, intuitive and abstractive cognition, the immortality of the soul, the experience of the beatific vision, divine foreknowledge and the knowability of species are some of the topics involving psychological issues that are examined in this volume. The wealth of new information presented in this volume results from the interpretation of previously unexplored sources. The essays in this volume demonstrate that the various parts and Books of Peter Lombard's Sentences, the standard textbook of theology in the Middle Ages, provided lecturers and commentators with a variety of loci for the discussion of philosophical topics, from the principia (Denys of Montina), the Prologue (Alfonsus Vargas of Toledo, Hugolino of Orvieto, John Regis, Francis Toti of Perugia), Book I (Gregory of Rimini, John of Mirecourt, Pierre Ceffons, Hugolino of Orvieto, Pierre d'Ailly, Peter of Candia, the Vienna Group, John Capreolus, Henry of Gorkum, Denys the Carthusian), Book II (Pierre Ceffons, Peter of Candia, Guillaume de Vaurouillon, Gabriel Biel, Denys the Carthusian), and Book III (Heymericus de Campo). This diversity, within large works on theology conceived broadly, constitutes a tradition parallel to that found in commentaries on Aristotle's De anima in the late Middle Ages. TABLE OF CONTENTS Monica BR NZEI, Introduction Christopher D. SCHABEL, Note on the Vernacular Name of Richardus de Mediavilla : of 'Menneville', Not 'Middleton' I. HUMAN COGNITION Amos CORBINI, Notitia intuitiva and complexe significabile at Paris in the 1340s: From Alphonsus Vargas Toletanus to Peter Ceffons Aur lien ROBERT, The Possibility of Cognizing Material Substances. The Evolution of a Philosophical Problem in Late-Medieval Commentaries on the Sentences Jeffrey C. WITT, Peter Plaoul and Intuitive Knowledge II. THE HUMAN SOUL Maarten J.F.M. HOENEN, Heymericus de Campo (?1460) Reads Peter Lombard: Late-Medieval Abbreviations of the Libri Sententiarum Thomas JESCHKE, Unum antiquum problema: Denys the Carthusian and John Capreolus on the Question Whether the Soul's Essence Is Distinct from Its Potencies. A Late-Medieval Starting Point William DUBA and Olivier RIBORDY, The Human Soul: Definitions and Differentiae in Late-Medieval Commentaries on the Sentences Kent EMERY, Jr., Denys the Carthusian's Sentential Teachings on the Nature and Operations of the Soul III. THEOLOGICAL ISSUES John T. SLOTEMAKER, Pierre d'Ailly and the Imago Trinitatis: The Sources of His Trinitarian Theology Severin KITANOV, Freedom in Heaven: Peter of Candia's Treatment of the Necessity or Contingency of Beatific Enjoyment Christopher D. SCHABEL, Henry of Langenstein, Henry Totting of Oyta, Nicholas of Dinkelsb hl and the Vienna Group on Reconciling Human Free Will with Divine Foreknowledge Monica BR NZEI, Epilogue: Commentaries on the Sentences in Paris around 1370 Index of Manuscripts Index of Ancient and Medieval Names Index of Modern and Contemporary Authors‎

‎Pseudo-Aristotelian Texts in Medieval Thought. Acts of the XXII Annual Colloquium of the Soci t Internationale pour l? tude de la Philosophie M di vale, Cluj-Napoca, 28?30 September 2016‎

‎, Brepols, 2023 Hardback, xxii + 360 pages, Size:156 x 234 mm, Illustrations:3 tables b/w., Language(s):English, German. ISBN 9782503606064.‎

‎Summary The Philosopher, the Master of Those Who Know, was the dominant pagan authority in all four of the main traditions of medieval philosophy: Arabic, Greek, Hebrew, and Latin. Yet we now know that a number of works attributed to Aristotle were in fact spurious, authored by others who claimed to be, or whom others claimed to be, the Stagirite, for example, the Secretum secretorum, the Liber de causis, De mundo, De proprietatibus elementorum, De pomo, and De plantis. These writings strongly impacted medieval thought in various and fascinating ways, both in the original language, be it Arabic, Greek, Hebrew or Latin, and in translation. The mechanisms of their production, dissemination, and translation are themselves worthy of attention. Many of these works spawned commentary traditions of their own, parallel to those involving the classic texts of Peripatetic philosophy. Apparent contradictions between ideas expressed in these treatises and those found in what we consider to be authentic works, for instance ideas that appeared to derive more from the Academy than from the Lyceum, provoked questions about authenticity and about the possible evolution of Aristotle's thought. Finally, these texts were employed in one way or another in many genres of philosophical literature in the Middle Ages, including metaphysics, natural and moral philosophy, theology, and even more exotic disciplines like chiromancy and alchemy. This volume aims to shed new light on various aspects of the history of Pseudo-Aristotelian texts in the Middle Ages. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Pieter De Leemans (?) and Lisa Devriese, Translating and Reading Pseudo-Aristotle in the Latin West William Duba, Balancing Authority on a Column of Fire: The Secret of Secrets and the Salvation of Aristotle Ant nio Rocha Martins, The Secretum secretorum and the Idea of Political Happiness in the Latin Middle Ages Pavl na Cermanov , Greek and Arabic Inspirations for Organizing Medieval Banquets: The Pseudo-Aristotelian Secretum secretorum as a Source and a Model for Medieval Advice Literature Julie Loveland Swanstrom, Secondary Causes in the Liber de Causis and the Work of Thomas Aquinas Henryk Anzulewicz, Der Liber de causis als Quelle der Intellektlehre des Albertus Magnus Beate Ulrike La Sala, The Arabic Islamic Reception of the Arabic Plotinus and Maimonides' Theory of Emanation Marilena Panarelli, Spiritus and Plant Formation: Albert the Great's Rrestatement of the Pseudo-Aristotelian De plantis Evelina Miteva, From Pseudo-Aristotle to Pseudo-Albert: The Emancipation of Natural Philosophy Pavel Brazek, Iste liber videtur esse factus ab Aristotile: Bartholomew of Bruges and the Medieval Reception of the De Inundatione Nili Abraham Melamed, The Medieval Hebrew De pomo and the Myth of the Jewish Aristotle Ioana Curu?, The Medieval Latin Reception of Liber de Pomo in Questions De intentione Aristotelis on the Eternity of the World (Available in Open Access) Andrei Marinca, The Pseudo-Aristotelian De mundo and Fourteenth-Century Theologians (Available in Open Access) Index of Manuscripts Index of Names‎

‎Principia on the Sentences of Peter Lombard. Exploring an Uncharted Scholastic Philosophical Genre Across Europe‎

‎, Brepols, 2024 Hardback, 1204 pages, Illustrations:1 b/w, 25 tables b/w., Language(s):English, French, Latin. ISBN 9782503612089.‎

‎Summary Principia were an obligatory step on the medieval university path to becoming a master of theology. As inaugural lectures on the four books of the Sentences of Peter Lombard, they provided the first opportunity for a scholastic to defend a philosophical-theological worldview. These lectures were also a way for the theologian, now a sententiarius, to present himself and to make a name for himself, initially by delivering in a speech an introduction to the course and by debating with his fellows. The present book takes a collective approach to offer a survey of the evolution of the genre, mapping the dissemination of this exercise during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries across Europe. As an academic exercise, principia bridge ideas, texts, authors, and institutions across time. Exploring the corpus of surviving principia illuminates the philosophical creativity cultivated in the faculties of theology. The papers in these volumes thus not only discuss the structural aspects of principia, but also treat the philosophical and theological ideas defended and attacked during the principial debates and the topics and imagery used in the speeches. The various chapters delve into the surviving material in a common attempt, firstly, to assemble pieces of evidence from Paris and Oxford into an image portraying how, when, and by whom the principia were performed in the first European universities. The second part illustrates the spread of the genre to the new faculties of theology in Central Europe and Italy, with case studies from Bologna, Cracow, Florence, Heidelberg, Prague, and Vienna, highlighting the pan-European diffusion of the practice. TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume I: Paris and Oxford Monica Brinzei and William O. Duba, Introduction Monica Brinzei, A Guide for Understanding Principia on the Sentences of Peter Lombard Paris William J. Courtenay, The Transformation of Sentential Principia in the Early Fourteenth Century Florian W ller, Inaugural Speeches by Bachelors of Theology Principial Collationes and their Transmission (1317-1319) Chris Schabel, Francis of Marchia on Instrumental Causality: The Conclusion to Principium in IV in Question 2 on IV Sentences Chris Schabel, The Genre Matures. Parisian Principia in the 1340s, from Gregory of Rimini to Pierre Ceffons Chris Schabel, The Forgotten Principia of a Forgotten Theologian: Jean de Moyenneville, 1356-1357, and Parisian Theology in the Late 1350s Alexandra Anisie, Mediated Knowledge and Beatific Vision in the First Principium of John of Brammart William J. Courtenay, Principial Cohorts at Paris Oxford Siegfried Wenzel, Introductory Lectures on the Sentences by ?Frisby? Michael Dunne, Between Old and New at Oxford: The Introitus Sententiarum of Richard FitzRalph and the First Collatio of Adam Wodeham Pascale Bermon, la recherche des Principia aux Questions sur les Sentences de Robert Holcot O.P. (? 1349) Chris Schabel, The Oxford Franciscan Robert Halifax's Principial Debate over Grace and Merit with His Pelagian Socius and Other Colleagues in 1332-133 Volume II: Blogona, Cracow, Florence, Heidelberg, Prague, and Vienna Bologna Chris Schabel, The Franciscan Guglielmo Centueri of Cremona's Bologna Principium of 1368, with an Appendix on Whether God Can Make the Past Not to Have Been Cracow Wojciech Baran, Survey on Medieval Principia on Peter Lombard's Sentences of Theologians from the University of Cracow Florence William O. Duba and Russell L. Friedman, A(nother) Florentine Principium on the Sentences. The Mystery of the Two "Prologues" in Peter of Trabibus' I Sentences Heidelberg Andrea Fiamma, John Wenck's Principia on the Sentences (1431) Prague Monica Brinzei, The Cistercian Matthew of Zbraslav (de Aula Regia / K nigsaal), Socius of a Pre-Radical Jan Hus, and Their Prague Principial Debate Vienna Edit Anna Luk cs, Pr cher sur les Sentences: sermons sur l'?uvre du Lombard la biblioth que des Dominicains de Vienne Ueli Zahnd, Disputing without Socii: The Principium on Book I of Conrad of Rothenburg, Vienna 1408/09 Matteo Esu, Peter of Pirkenwart's Textual Workshop from his Principium IV (1417) Matteo Esu and Ueli Zahnd, A joint Edition of Conrad of Rothenburg's and Peter of Pirchenwart's Principia on Book IV of the Sentences Index‎