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‎Turpin (Raymond) et Lejeune (Jérôme)‎

Reference : 88166

(1951)

‎L'hérédité des prédispositions morbides , dans la collection L'Avenir de la Science n° 31‎

‎Gallimard , L'Avenir de la Science Malicorne sur Sarthe, 72, Pays de la Loire, France 1951 Book condition, Etat : Bon broché, sous couverture imprimée éditeur blanche et grise In-8 1 vol. - 261 pages‎


‎27 figures dans le texte en noir 1ere édition, 1951 Contents, Chapitres : Avant-propos - Les applications de la génétique à la médecine - La prédisposition héréditaire aux infections - La prédisposition héréditaire à la tuberculose - La prédisposition héréditaire au cancer - La prédisposition héréditaire aux accidents allergiques - La prédisposition héréditaire au rhumatisme - Bibliographie et table des noms des auteurs - Raymond Alexandre Turpin, né le 5 novembre 1895 à Pontoise et décédé le 24 mai 1988 à Paris, est un pédiatre et généticien français. Il est un des principaux acteurs de la découverte, en 1959, du chromosome surnuméraire responsable de la trisomie 21 (ou syndrome de Down), en collaboration avec Marthe Gautier et Jérôme Lejeune. - En 1956, Turpin, chef de service à l'hôpital Trousseau, confie à Marthe Gautier la responsabilité de développer des cultures cellulaires pour comprendre la genèse de la malformation, en étudiant le caryotype normal, puis le caryotype d'enfants mongoliens. Marthe Gautier et son nouveau laboratoire mettent en évidence en mai 1958 le fait que ces enfants possèdent 47 chromosomes, un petit chromosome apparaissant en trois exemplaires, au lieu de deux (disomie). Un autre de ses collaborateurs, Jérôme Lejeune, qui comprend l'intérêt de la découverte, se fait confier les préparations pour en faire réaliser des photos. Il annonce la découverte de la trisomie 21 et du syndrome de Down à un séminaire de génétique de l'université McGill, Canada, en octobre, sans mentionner les noms de Turpin et de Gauthier. Cette découverte est publiée en janvier 1959 dans les Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Ce chromosome sera désigné, à partir de 1960, sous le terme de chromosome 21 et la maladie prendra le nom de trisomie 21. (source : Wikipedia) couverture en bon état, légère déchirure sans manques sur le haut du dos, 2 petites taches discretes sur le plat supérieur sans aucune gravité, intérieur frais et propre, papier à peine jauni, cela reste un bon exemplaire‎

Librairie Internet Philoscience - Malicorne-sur-Sarthe
EUR8.00 (€8.00 )

‎"LEJEUNE, JÉRÔME + Mlle MARTHE GAUTHIER + M. RAYMOND TURPIN.‎

Reference : 50013

(1959)

‎Étude des chromosomes somatiques des neuf enfants mongoliens. [In: Comptes Rendus. Academies des Sciences (Paris), 1959, 248]. - [THE DISCOVERY OF TRISOMY-21 - THE CAUSE OF DOWN'S SYNDROME]‎

‎(Paris), 1959. 4to. No wrappers. Fine and clean. The paper: Pp. 1721-22. Entire issue offered pp.: (1597)-1732.‎


‎First printing of the seminal paper that first described the cause of Down's Syndrome, trisomy-21, or the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. ""Currently, Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common birth defects, affecting about one in every 750 live births. John Langdon Down first described this condition in the medical literature in 1866, documenting the various symptoms associated with the syndrome but failing to determine their cause. In fact, the cause of DS remained unknown for nearly 100 years following Down's work. Then, in the 1950s [i.e. in the present paper], researchers finally determined the source of DS: the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, a condition often referred to as trisomy 21.Since the discovery of trisomy 21, scientists have made great strides in Down syndrome research."" (Clare O'Connor, in: Nature Education).""As previously mentioned, almost 100 years elapsed between Down's medical description of DS and the discovery of the cause of this condition. But why was this the case? It was certainly not for lack of trying. Many theories for the cause of DS were put forth in the century after Down's publication. Some physicians even made the key observation that older mothers had a higherfrequency of DS babies, and they postulated that the condition was caused by what they termed ""uterine exhaustion."" Gradually, researchers narrowed in on the real cause of DS: achromosomal abnormality. In fact, researchers now realize that older mothers have more babies with DS because the frequency of meiotic nondisjunction increases in women with age.The reason that cytologists in the early twentieth century failed to correctly diagnose DS is almost certainly due to technical limitations. Chromosome 21 is the smallest human chromosome, and procedures for examining human chromosomes were still being developed during the first part of the century. Many early cytologists had, in fact, studied chromosomes from DS patients, but none had been able to detect a supernumerary copy of chromosome 21. A breakthrough finally occurred in 1956, when Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan described a set of experimental conditions that allowed them to correctly identify the number of human chromosomes as 46. Within three years of the publication of this groundbreaking work, Jerome Lejeune in France and Patricia Jacobs in the United States were able to identify a supernumerary copy of chromosome 21 in karyotypes prepared from DS patients. Trisomy 21 is now accepted to be the major cause of DS, accounting for about 95% of cases."" (Clare O'Connor, in: Nature Education).Garrison & Morton: 4962.5‎

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