61 books for « thomsen m »Edit

‎Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed, udgiven af det kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift-Selskab. - [ESTABLISHING SCIENTIFIC ARCHAEOLOGY]‎

‎Kjöbenhavn (Copenhagen), 1836. 8vo. Nice contemporary half calf with gilt red leather title-label and gilt spine. Vellum corners to boards. Ex libris to inside of front board. A nice and clean copy. Illustrated. (4), 100 pp.‎

‎Scarce first edition of this milestone publication, which laid the foundation of modern archaeology and transformed it into an exact science. With this seminal publication, Thomsen was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods, and with it he became the originator of the three-age system (the division into Stone Age - Bronze Age - Iron Age), which is ""the basic chronology that now underpins the archaeology of most of the Old World"" (Rowley-Conwy: From Genesis to Prehistory, p.1). This foundational work altered our understanding of our world and our place in it and contains the first use of ""culture"" in an archaeological context.""Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, (born Dec. 29, 1788, Copenhagen, Den.-died May 21, 1865, Copenhagen), Danish archaeologist who deserves major credit for developing the three-part system of prehistory, naming the Stone, Bronze, and Iron ages for the successive stages of man's technological development in Europe. His tripartite scheme brought the first semblance of order to prehistory and formed the basis for chronological schemes developed for other areas of the globe by succeeding generations of archaeologists."" (Encycl. Britt.).Up until the beginning of the 19th century, our understanding of antiquities had been very loose and fumbling. Studying the artifacts, earlier archaeologists had used a great deal of imagination, especially when adapting information from written sources to the objects. Only when Thomsen enters the scene, this approach changes. He is the first to focus the investigation upon the artifacts themselves. Quickly realizing that this approach must be the only way forward, he soon distinguished clearly between objects, both similar and different, and established what belonged together in time and where there were chronological differences. He was among the first to differentiate between history that could be studied through written sources and prehistory which could only be studied through material culture. He realized - as the first - that in order to interpret findings of prehistoric objects, one would have to know their source and the context in which they were found - thus establishing the foundation for modern excavation technique. He trained the great archaeologist J.J.A. Worsaae and sent him on excavation expeditions to acquire artifacts for ethnographic museum that he had founded and thus also founded Danish archaeology. Thomsen was the first to perceive typologies of grave goods, grave types, methods of burial, pottery and decorative motifs, and to assign these types to layers found in excavation, thus combining our different sources of knowledge to establish certainty. When, in 1836, the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries published Thomsen's illustrated contribution to ""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"" (i.e. the present publication), in which he put forth his chronology for the first time, together with comments about typology and stratigraphy, Thomsen already had an international reputation. But this publication gave him more than that - it made him the founder of modern archaeology and arguably the most influential archaeologist of all times. In 1816 Thomsen had been appointed head of ""antiquarian"" collections, which later developed into the National Museum of Denmark. It was while organizing and classifying the antiquities for exhibition that he discovered how much more sense it would make to present them chronologically, and so he did, using what is now known as the ""three-age system"". Proposing that prehistory had advanced from an age of stone tools, to ages of tools made from bronze and iron was not in itself a novel idea, but no previous proposals allowed for the dating of artifacts (which Thomsen's system did for the first time) and they were all presented as systems of evolution. Refining the idea of stone-bronze-iron phases, Thomsen turned it into a chronological system by seeing which artifacts occurred with which other artifacts in closed finds. In this way, he was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods. It is this seminal achievement that led to his being credited as the originator of the three-age system.He provided for the first time a solid empirical basis for the system that ever since the present publication has laid at the foot of all archaeological research. He showed that artifacts could be classified into types and that these types varied over time in ways that correlated with the predominance of stone, bronze or iron implements and weapons. In this way he turned the Three-age System from being an evolutionary scheme based on intuition and general knowledge into a system of relative chronology supported by archaeological evidence.""His published and personal advice to Danish archaeologists concerning the best methods of excavation produced immediate results that not only verified his system empirically but placed Denmark in the forefront of European archaeology for at least a generation. He became a national authority when C.C Rafn, secretary of the Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab (""Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries""), published his principal manuscript in ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"") in 1836.""This groundbreaking publication was immediately translated into German (published the following year, 1837), in which form it reached a wide audience, influencing the archaeologists of all of Europe. In 1848, it was published in English and became highly influential on the development of archaeology theory and practice in Great Britain and the United States.In 1849 Thomsen founded the world's first ethnografic museum, which continued to contribute significantly to the development of modern archaeology.""Throughout the course of the nineteenth century growing amounts of archaeological material were being recovered as the vastly expanding engineering activities of the Industrial Revolution were transforming Central and Western Europe into the ""workshop of the world."" Indeed, much of the popular appeal of archaeology in early Victorian times lay in its seeming demonstration that this contemporary technological advancement, which both intrigued and delighted the middle classes, was no mere accident but the acceleration of a tendency for ""progress"" which was innate in humankind. This evidence that cultural evolution as opposed to degeneration from an original state of grace had been a significant feature of human history made archaeology pre-eminently a science of progress. Within the context of the history of the discipline, however, the birth of this ""scientific archaeology"", as distinct from the antiquarianism of earlier times, is generally associated with the unfolding of the ""Three Age System"" and the pioneering work of C.J. Thomsen.While in the past a few archaeologists had attempted to subdivide prehistoric materials into various temporal segments, it was Thomsen who first envisaged, and applied, on the basis of archaeological evidence, a systematic classification of antiquities according to the criteria of material use and form which could be correlated with a sequence of temporal periods: the Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron, familiar to every student of archaeology for the last hundred years. The novelty of this approach, however, did not lie in the concept of technological development gleaned from his familiarity with the conjectural history of the Enlightenment, or in his assumption of a sequence of Stone, Bronze, or Iron Ages, itself a variation of Lucretius' popular model. Rather, it lay in his employment of ""seriational principles"" acquired from his extensive knowledge of numismatics, which he used to combine evidence concerning technology, grave goods, along with the shape and decoration of various artefacts into an internally consistent developmental sequence. Though Thomsen's Museum of Northern Antiquities in Denmark had arranged its collection of artefacts in accordance with this new system as early as 1819, the first written account of his research was not set out in print until the ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide Book to Northern/Nordic Antiquities"") was published in 1836. While prior to Thomsen's work, thinking about antiquities in both Europe and the United States bas both intellectually fragmented and essentially speculative, the publication of the ""Ledetraad"" and its translation into German a year later unified archaeological studies by providing scholars with an exemplar or ""paradigm"". For, while previously antiquarians and indeed classical archaeologists, who were interested in what are now recognized to be prehistoric remains, tended to look to written records and/or oral traditions to provide a historical context for their finds, it was Thomsen who liberated archaeologists from this restrictive assumption through the creation of a carefully controlled chronology which allowed for the comprehensive study of those periods in history for which NO written records were available. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Thomsen's system established itself as THE system, as his basic classification of artefacts, arranged in periods by virtue of an analogy with the form and function of tools in his own day, was modified an elaborated upon by, among others, Worsaae, de Mortillet and John Lubbock."" (D.A. Nestor: Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity, pp. 46-48).‎

‎Leitfaden zur Nordischen Alterthumskunde, herausgegeben von der königlichen Gesellschaft für Nordische Altherthumskunde. - [ESTABLISHING SCIENTIFIC ARCHAEOLOGY]‎

‎Kopenhagen, 1837. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. A very light damp stain to hinges and spine cracked vertically down the middle, but still tight and cords intact. An excellent clean and fresh copy. (4), 108 pp.‎

‎Scarce first German edition of this milestone publication, which laid the foundation of modern archaeology and transformed it into an exact science. With this seminal publication, Thomsen was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods, and with it he became the originator of the three-age system (the division into Stone Age - Bronze Age - Iron Age), which is ""the basic chronology that now underpins the archaeology of most of the Old World"" (Rowley-Conwy: From Genesis to Prehistory, p.1). This foundational work altered our understanding of our world and our place in it and contains the first use of ""culture"" in an archaeological context.""Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, (born Dec. 29, 1788, Copenhagen, Den.-died May 21, 1865, Copenhagen), Danish archaeologist who deserves major credit for developing the three-part system of prehistory, naming the Stone, Bronze, and Iron ages for the successive stages of man's technological development in Europe. His tripartite scheme brought the first semblance of order to prehistory and formed the basis for chronological schemes developed for other areas of the globe by succeeding generations of archaeologists."" (Encycl. Britt.).Up until the beginning of the 19th century, our understanding of antiquities had been very loose and fumbling. Studying the artifacts, earlier archaeologists had used a great deal of imagination, especially when adapting information from written sources to the objects. Only when Thomsen enters the scene, this approach changes. He is the first to focus the investigation upon the artifacts themselves. Quickly realizing that this approach must be the only way forward, he soon distinguished clearly between objects, both similar and different, and established what belonged together in time and where there were chronological differences. He was among the first to differentiate between history that could be studied through written sources and prehistory which could only be studied through material culture. He realized - as the first - that in order to interpret findings of prehistoric objects, one would have to know their source and the context in which they were found - thus establishing the foundation for modern excavation technique. He trained the great archaeologist J.J.A. Worsaae and sent him on excavation expeditions to acquire artifacts for ethnographic museum that he had founded and thus also founded Danish archaeology. Thomsen was the first to perceive typologies of grave goods, grave types, methods of burial, pottery and decorative motifs, and to assign these types to layers found in excavation, thus combining our different sources of knowledge to establish certainty. When, in 1836, the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries published Thomsen's illustrated contribution to ""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"" (i.e. the present publication), in which he put forth his chronology for the first time, together with comments about typology and stratigraphy, Thomsen already had an international reputation. But this publication gave him more than that - it made him the founder of modern archaeology and arguably the most influential archaeologist of all times. In 1816 Thomsen had been appointed head of ""antiquarian"" collections, which later developed into the National Museum of Denmark. It was while organizing and classifying the antiquities for exhibition that he discovered how much more sense it would make to present them chronologically, and so he did, using what is now known as the ""three-age system"". Proposing that prehistory had advanced from an age of stone tools, to ages of tools made from bronze and iron was not in itself a novel idea, but no previous proposals allowed for the dating of artifacts (which Thomsen's system did for the first time) and they were all presented as systems of evolution. Refining the idea of stone-bronze-iron phases, Thomsen turned it into a chronological system by seeing which artifacts occurred with which other artifacts in closed finds. In this way, he was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods. It is this seminal achievement that led to his being credited as the originator of the three-age system.He provided for the first time a solid empirical basis for the system that ever since the present publication has laid at the foot of all archaeological research. He showed that artifacts could be classified into types and that these types varied over time in ways that correlated with the predominance of stone, bronze or iron implements and weapons. In this way he turned the Three-age System from being an evolutionary scheme based on intuition and general knowledge into a system of relative chronology supported by archaeological evidence.""His published and personal advice to Danish archaeologists concerning the best methods of excavation produced immediate results that not only verified his system empirically but placed Denmark in the forefront of European archaeology for at least a generation. He became a national authority when C.C Rafn, secretary of the Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab (""Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries""), published his principal manuscript in ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"") in 1836.""This groundbreaking publication was immediately translated into German (published the following year, 1837), in which form it reached a wide audience, influencing the archaeologists of all of Europe. In 1848, it was published in English and became highly influential on the development of archaeology theory and practice in Great Britain and the United States.In 1849 Thomsen founded the world's first ethnografic museum, which continued to contribute significantly to the development of modern archaeology.""Throughout the course of the nineteenth century growing amounts of archaeological material were being recovered as the vastly expanding engineering activities of the Industrial Revolution were transforming Central and Western Europe into the ""workshop of the world."" Indeed, much of the popular appeal of archaeology in early Victorian times lay in its seeming demonstration that this contemporary technological advancement, which both intrigued and delighted the middle classes, was no mere accident but the acceleration of a tendency for ""progress"" which was innate in humankind. This evidence that cultural evolution as opposed to degeneration from an original state of grace had been a significant feature of human history made archaeology pre-eminently a science of progress. Within the context of the history of the discipline, however, the birth of this ""scientific archaeology"", as distinct from the antiquarianism of earlier times, is generally associated with the unfolding of the ""Three Age System"" and the pioneering work of C.J. Thomsen.While in the past a few archaeologists had attempted to subdivide prehistoric materials into various temporal segments, it was Thomsen who first envisaged, and applied, on the basis of archaeological evidence, a systematic classification of antiquities according to the criteria of material use and form which could be correlated with a sequence of temporal periods: the Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron, familiar to every student of archaeology for the last hundred years. The novelty of this approach, however, did not lie in the concept of technological development gleaned from his familiarity with the conjectural history of the Enlightenment, or in his assumption of a sequence of Stone, Bronze, or Iron Ages, itself a variation of Lucretius' popular model. Rather, it lay in his employment of ""seriational principles"" acquired from his extensive knowledge of numismatics, which he used to combine evidence concerning technology, grave goods, along with the shape and decoration of various artefacts into an internally consistent developmental sequence. Though Thomsen's Museum of Northern Antiquities in Denmark had arranged its collection of artefacts in accordance with this new system as early as 1819, the first written account of his research was not set out in print until the ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide Book to Northern/Nordic Antiquities"") was published in 1836. While prior to Thomsen's work, thinking about antiquities in both Europe and the United States bas both intellectually fragmented and essentially speculative, the publication of the ""Ledetraad"" and its translation into German a year later unified archaeological studies by providing scholars with an exemplar or ""paradigm"". For, while previously antiquarians and indeed classical archaeologists, who were interested in what are now recognized to be prehistoric remains, tended to look to written records and/or oral traditions to provide a historical context for their finds, it was Thomsen who liberated archaeologists from this restrictive assumption through the creation of a carefully controlled chronology which allowed for the comprehensive study of those periods in history for which NO written records were available. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Thomsen's system established itself as THE system, as his basic classification of artefacts, arranged in periods by virtue of an analogy with the form and function of tools in his own day, was modified an elaborated upon by, among others, Worsaae, de Mortillet and John Lubbock."" (D.A. Nestor: Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity, pp. 46-48).‎

‎Leitfaden zur Nordischen Alterthumskunde, herausgegeben von der königlichen Gesellschaft für Nordische Altherthumskunde. - [ESTABLISHING SCIENTIFIC ARCHAEOLOGY]‎

‎Kopenhagen, 1837. 8vo. Uncut and unopened in the original printed wrappers. A A completely fresh copy - mint condition. (4), 108, (4 - advertisements) pp.‎

‎Scarce first German edition of this milestone publication, which laid the foundation of modern archaeology and transformed it into an exact science. With this seminal publication, Thomsen was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods, and with it he became the originator of the three-age system (the division into Stone Age - Bronze Age - Iron Age), which is ""the basic chronology that now underpins the archaeology of most of the Old World"" (Rowley-Conwy: From Genesis to Prehistory, p.1). This foundational work altered our understanding of our world and our place in it and contains the first use of ""culture"" in an archaeological context.""Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, (born Dec. 29, 1788, Copenhagen, Den.-died May 21, 1865, Copenhagen), Danish archaeologist who deserves major credit for developing the three-part system of prehistory, naming the Stone, Bronze, and Iron ages for the successive stages of man's technological development in Europe. His tripartite scheme brought the first semblance of order to prehistory and formed the basis for chronological schemes developed for other areas of the globe by succeeding generations of archaeologists."" (Encycl. Britt.).Up until the beginning of the 19th century, our understanding of antiquities had been very loose and fumbling. Studying the artifacts, earlier archaeologists had used a great deal of imagination, especially when adapting information from written sources to the objects. Only when Thomsen enters the scene, this approach changes. He is the first to focus the investigation upon the artifacts themselves. Quickly realizing that this approach must be the only way forward, he soon distinguished clearly between objects, both similar and different, and established what belonged together in time and where there were chronological differences. He was among the first to differentiate between history that could be studied through written sources and prehistory which could only be studied through material culture. He realized - as the first - that in order to interpret findings of prehistoric objects, one would have to know their source and the context in which they were found - thus establishing the foundation for modern excavation technique. He trained the great archaeologist J.J.A. Worsaae and sent him on excavation expeditions to acquire artifacts for ethnographic museum that he had founded and thus also founded Danish archaeology. Thomsen was the first to perceive typologies of grave goods, grave types, methods of burial, pottery and decorative motifs, and to assign these types to layers found in excavation, thus combining our different sources of knowledge to establish certainty. When, in 1836, the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries published Thomsen's illustrated contribution to ""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"" (i.e. the present publication), in which he put forth his chronology for the first time, together with comments about typology and stratigraphy, Thomsen already had an international reputation. But this publication gave him more than that - it made him the founder of modern archaeology and arguably the most influential archaeologist of all times. In 1816 Thomsen had been appointed head of ""antiquarian"" collections, which later developed into the National Museum of Denmark. It was while organizing and classifying the antiquities for exhibition that he discovered how much more sense it would make to present them chronologically, and so he did, using what is now known as the ""three-age system"". Proposing that prehistory had advanced from an age of stone tools, to ages of tools made from bronze and iron was not in itself a novel idea, but no previous proposals allowed for the dating of artifacts (which Thomsen's system did for the first time) and they were all presented as systems of evolution. Refining the idea of stone-bronze-iron phases, Thomsen turned it into a chronological system by seeing which artifacts occurred with which other artifacts in closed finds. In this way, he was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods. It is this seminal achievement that led to his being credited as the originator of the three-age system.He provided for the first time a solid empirical basis for the system that ever since the present publication has laid at the foot of all archaeological research. He showed that artifacts could be classified into types and that these types varied over time in ways that correlated with the predominance of stone, bronze or iron implements and weapons. In this way he turned the Three-age System from being an evolutionary scheme based on intuition and general knowledge into a system of relative chronology supported by archaeological evidence.""His published and personal advice to Danish archaeologists concerning the best methods of excavation produced immediate results that not only verified his system empirically but placed Denmark in the forefront of European archaeology for at least a generation. He became a national authority when C.C Rafn, secretary of the Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab (""Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries""), published his principal manuscript in ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"") in 1836.""This groundbreaking publication was immediately translated into German (published the following year, 1837), in which form it reached a wide audience, influencing the archaeologists of all of Europe. In 1848, it was published in English and became highly influential on the development of archaeology theory and practice in Great Britain and the United States.In 1849 Thomsen founded the world's first ethnografic museum, which continued to contribute significantly to the development of modern archaeology.""Throughout the course of the nineteenth century growing amounts of archaeological material were being recovered as the vastly expanding engineering activities of the Industrial Revolution were transforming Central and Western Europe into the ""workshop of the world."" Indeed, much of the popular appeal of archaeology in early Victorian times lay in its seeming demonstration that this contemporary technological advancement, which both intrigued and delighted the middle classes, was no mere accident but the acceleration of a tendency for ""progress"" which was innate in humankind. This evidence that cultural evolution as opposed to degeneration from an original state of grace had been a significant feature of human history made archaeology pre-eminently a science of progress. Within the context of the history of the discipline, however, the birth of this ""scientific archaeology"", as distinct from the antiquarianism of earlier times, is generally associated with the unfolding of the ""Three Age System"" and the pioneering work of C.J. Thomsen.While in the past a few archaeologists had attempted to subdivide prehistoric materials into various temporal segments, it was Thomsen who first envisaged, and applied, on the basis of archaeological evidence, a systematic classification of antiquities according to the criteria of material use and form which could be correlated with a sequence of temporal periods: the Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron, familiar to every student of archaeology for the last hundred years. The novelty of this approach, however, did not lie in the concept of technological development gleaned from his familiarity with the conjectural history of the Enlightenment, or in his assumption of a sequence of Stone, Bronze, or Iron Ages, itself a variation of Lucretius' popular model. Rather, it lay in his employment of ""seriational principles"" acquired from his extensive knowledge of numismatics, which he used to combine evidence concerning technology, grave goods, along with the shape and decoration of various artefacts into an internally consistent developmental sequence. Though Thomsen's Museum of Northern Antiquities in Denmark had arranged its collection of artefacts in accordance with this new system as early as 1819, the first written account of his research was not set out in print until the ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide Book to Northern/Nordic Antiquities"") was published in 1836. While prior to Thomsen's work, thinking about antiquities in both Europe and the United States bas both intellectually fragmented and essentially speculative, the publication of the ""Ledetraad"" and its translation into German a year later unified archaeological studies by providing scholars with an exemplar or ""paradigm"". For, while previously antiquarians and indeed classical archaeologists, who were interested in what are now recognized to be prehistoric remains, tended to look to written records and/or oral traditions to provide a historical context for their finds, it was Thomsen who liberated archaeologists from this restrictive assumption through the creation of a carefully controlled chronology which allowed for the comprehensive study of those periods in history for which NO written records were available. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Thomsen's system established itself as THE system, as his basic classification of artefacts, arranged in periods by virtue of an analogy with the form and function of tools in his own day, was modified an elaborated upon by, among others, Worsaae, de Mortillet and John Lubbock."" (D.A. Nestor: Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity, pp. 46-48).‎

‎Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed, udgiven af det kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift-Selskab. - [ESTABLISHING SCIENTIFIC ARCHAEOLOGY]‎

‎Kjöbenhavn (Copenhagen): S.L. Møllers Bogtrykkeri, 1836. 8vo. Slightly worn contemporary half calf. Wear to upper capital. Previous owner's signature to front free end-paper. Minor brownspotting to titlepage and the last few leaves, otherwise a nice and clean copy. Illustrated. (4), 100 pp.‎

‎Scarce first edition of this milestone publication, which laid the foundation of modern archaeology and transformed it into an exact science. With this seminal publication, Thomsen was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods, and with it he became the originator of the three-age system (the division into Stone Age - Bronze Age - Iron Age), which is ""the basic chronology that now underpins the archaeology of most of the Old World"" (Rowley-Conwy: From Genesis to Prehistory, p.1). This foundational work altered our understanding of our world and our place in it and contains the first use of ""culture"" in an archaeological context.""Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, (born Dec. 29, 1788, Copenhagen, Den.-died May 21, 1865, Copenhagen), Danish archaeologist who deserves major credit for developing the three-part system of prehistory, naming the Stone, Bronze, and Iron ages for the successive stages of man's technological development in Europe. His tripartite scheme brought the first semblance of order to prehistory and formed the basis for chronological schemes developed for other areas of the globe by succeeding generations of archaeologists."" (Encycl. Britt.).Up until the beginning of the 19th century, our understanding of antiquities had been very loose and fumbling. Studying the artifacts, earlier archaeologists had used a great deal of imagination, especially when adapting information from written sources to the objects. Only when Thomsen enters the scene, this approach changes. He is the first to focus the investigation upon the artifacts themselves. Quickly realizing that this approach must be the only way forward, he soon distinguished clearly between objects, both similar and different, and established what belonged together in time and where there were chronological differences. He was among the first to differentiate between history that could be studied through written sources and prehistory which could only be studied through material culture. He realized - as the first - that in order to interpret findings of prehistoric objects, one would have to know their source and the context in which they were found - thus establishing the foundation for modern excavation technique. He trained the great archaeologist J.J.A. Worsaae and sent him on excavation expeditions to acquire artifacts for ethnographic museum that he had founded and thus also founded Danish archaeology. Thomsen was the first to perceive typologies of grave goods, grave types, methods of burial, pottery and decorative motifs, and to assign these types to layers found in excavation, thus combining our different sources of knowledge to establish certainty. When, in 1836, the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries published Thomsen's illustrated contribution to ""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"" (i.e. the present publication), in which he put forth his chronology for the first time, together with comments about typology and stratigraphy, Thomsen already had an international reputation. But this publication gave him more than that - it made him the founder of modern archaeology and arguably the most influential archaeologist of all times. In 1816 Thomsen had been appointed head of ""antiquarian"" collections, which later developed into the National Museum of Denmark. It was while organizing and classifying the antiquities for exhibition that he discovered how much more sense it would make to present them chronologically, and so he did, using what is now known as the ""three-age system"". Proposing that prehistory had advanced from an age of stone tools, to ages of tools made from bronze and iron was not in itself a novel idea, but no previous proposals allowed for the dating of artifacts (which Thomsen's system did for the first time) and they were all presented as systems of evolution. Refining the idea of stone-bronze-iron phases, Thomsen turned it into a chronological system by seeing which artifacts occurred with which other artifacts in closed finds. In this way, he was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods. It is this seminal achievement that led to his being credited as the originator of the three-age system.He provided for the first time a solid empirical basis for the system that ever since the present publication has laid at the foot of all archaeological research. He showed that artifacts could be classified into types and that these types varied over time in ways that correlated with the predominance of stone, bronze or iron implements and weapons. In this way he turned the Three-age System from being an evolutionary scheme based on intuition and general knowledge into a system of relative chronology supported by archaeological evidence.""His published and personal advice to Danish archaeologists concerning the best methods of excavation produced immediate results that not only verified his system empirically but placed Denmark in the forefront of European archaeology for at least a generation. He became a national authority when C.C Rafn, secretary of the Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab (""Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries""), published his principal manuscript in ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology"") in 1836.""This groundbreaking publication was immediately translated into German (published the following year, 1837), in which form it reached a wide audience, influencing the archaeologists of all of Europe. In 1848, it was published in English and became highly influential on the development of archaeology theory and practice in Great Britain and the United States.In 1849 Thomsen founded the world's first ethnografic museum, which continued to contribute significantly to the development of modern archaeology.""Throughout the course of the nineteenth century growing amounts of archaeological material were being recovered as the vastly expanding engineering activities of the Industrial Revolution were transforming Central and Western Europe into the ""workshop of the world."" Indeed, much of the popular appeal of archaeology in early Victorian times lay in its seeming demonstration that this contemporary technological advancement, which both intrigued and delighted the middle classes, was no mere accident but the acceleration of a tendency for ""progress"" which was innate in humankind. This evidence that cultural evolution as opposed to degeneration from an original state of grace had been a significant feature of human history made archaeology pre-eminently a science of progress. Within the context of the history of the discipline, however, the birth of this ""scientific archaeology"", as distinct from the antiquarianism of earlier times, is generally associated with the unfolding of the ""Three Age System"" and the pioneering work of C.J. Thomsen.While in the past a few archaeologists had attempted to subdivide prehistoric materials into various temporal segments, it was Thomsen who first envisaged, and applied, on the basis of archaeological evidence, a systematic classification of antiquities according to the criteria of material use and form which could be correlated with a sequence of temporal periods: the Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron, familiar to every student of archaeology for the last hundred years. The novelty of this approach, however, did not lie in the concept of technological development gleaned from his familiarity with the conjectural history of the Enlightenment, or in his assumption of a sequence of Stone, Bronze, or Iron Ages, itself a variation of Lucretius' popular model. Rather, it lay in his employment of ""seriational principles"" acquired from his extensive knowledge of numismatics, which he used to combine evidence concerning technology, grave goods, along with the shape and decoration of various artefacts into an internally consistent developmental sequence. Though Thomsen's Museum of Northern Antiquities in Denmark had arranged its collection of artefacts in accordance with this new system as early as 1819, the first written account of his research was not set out in print until the ""Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed"" (""Guide Book to Northern/Nordic Antiquities"") was published in 1836. While prior to Thomsen's work, thinking about antiquities in both Europe and the United States bas both intellectually fragmented and essentially speculative, the publication of the ""Ledetraad"" and its translation into German a year later unified archaeological studies by providing scholars with an exemplar or ""paradigm"". For, while previously antiquarians and indeed classical archaeologists, who were interested in what are now recognized to be prehistoric remains, tended to look to written records and/or oral traditions to provide a historical context for their finds, it was Thomsen who liberated archaeologists from this restrictive assumption through the creation of a carefully controlled chronology which allowed for the comprehensive study of those periods in history for which NO written records were available. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Thomsen's system established itself as THE system, as his basic classification of artefacts, arranged in periods by virtue of an analogy with the form and function of tools in his own day, was modified an elaborated upon by, among others, Worsaae, de Mortillet and John Lubbock."" (D.A. Nestor: Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity, pp. 46-48).‎

‎Bidrag til et thermochemisk System [Contributions to a Thermochemical System]. (Særskilt aftrykt af det Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 5te Række, naturvidenskabelig og Matematisk Afdeling, 3die Bind.). - [THE THERMOCHEMICAL AFFINITY PRINCIPLE]‎

‎Kjöbenhavn (Copenhagen), 1852. 4to. Uncut and unopened in the original blue boards (""hollanderet""). A very fine, fresh, and clean copy - near mint, with only a bit of minor sunning to boards. 51 pp.‎

‎First edition, off-print, of the seminal paper that contains the first enunciation of the thermochemical affinity principle and the introduction of the term ""varmetoning"". The present paper represents Thomsen's main work as well as the ""(to use Oswald's words) scientific creed of the chemist for the next half-century. It constituted the only method by which chemists could predict the course of chemical reactions, and Thomsen himself employed the theory in various ways to carry out calculations of this kind."" (Brøndsted in: Meisen edt., Prominent Danish Scientists Through the Ages, p. 143). This breakthrough work, which contains the first statement of a thermochemical nomenclatura and the first definition and presentation of the thermochemical affinity principle, inaugurated a several decades long period of thermochemical studies, during which Thomsen personally carried out more than 3,500 calorimetric measurements in a room kept at 18 degrees celcius. His fundamental thought was that the evolution of heat accompanying a chemical reaction (""varmetoning"") is an exact expression of the chemical affinity of the reaction. Bethelot reached many of the same conclusions a bit later and advanced a theory that in essence was the same as Thomsen's. This led to heated discussions that continued for several years between the two scientists. Thomsen's principle is now usually known as the Thomsen-Berthelot-Principle. In 1883, the Davy Medal was awarded in duplicate, to ""M. Marcellin Berthelot, Member of the Institute of France, and Foreign Member of the Royal Society, and Prof. Julius Thomsen, of Copenhagen"", although Berthelot was obviously preceded by Thomsen. ""The importance of Thomsen's scientific work was rapidly recognized in both Denmark and abroad. In 1860 he was elected member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters. Nine years later he was nominated as professor of physical chemistry at the University of Leipzig, but he refused the offer. Many foreign scientists asked to work under his guidance, but he was afraid that the comparability of the results obtained would be endangered when more than one person performed such measurements and therefore refused all such requests. Thus no school was formed around him. Thomsen was a foreign member of various academies and honorary member of learned societies, and held honorary doctorates from several universities (but not in France, because of the conflict with Berthelot)."" (D.S.B. XIII:359).""Julius Thomsen's international reputation is due largely to his thermochemical studies. He began to work on thermochemical problems in 1850, and in 1852 he published in the ""Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter"" a paper entitled ""Bidrag til et thermochemisk System"" [""Contributions to a thermochemical System""], in which he outlined the scheme of his subsequent thorough investigations in this field. This paper contains the first enunciation of the thermochemical affinity principle, which states that chemical affinity, or the attraction between substances, can be measured by the heat evolved when they combine.Ideas as to the nature and laws of chemical affinity were by no means lacking at this period, but the prevalent views were vague, hypothetical and mutually irreconcilable. The great importance of Julius Thomsen's principle when compared with earlier speculations lies not only in its fundamental theoretical ideas, which associate chemical and mechanical phenomena, but also in the fact that the conception of affinity is related to a measurable quantity, the ""Varmetoning"" - a term which Julius Thomsen introduced to include both evolution and absorption of heat - and thus is easily accessible to experimental investigation."" (Brøndsted in: Meisen edt., Prominent Danish Scientists Through the Ages, p. 143). ‎

‎Inscriptions de l'Orkhon déchiffrées? I. Alphabet. [Suivi de] Inscriptions de l'Orkhon déchiffrées [Édition définitive : I. Alphabet. II. Transcription et traduction des textes (Monuments I et II)]‎

‎Helsingfors [Helsinki], Imprimerie de la Société de littérature finnoise, 1894-1896, in-8, 54-[4]-224-[4] pp, cat. éditeur in fine, Demi-basane aubergine de l'époque, plats de percaline avec plaque à froid en encadrement, tranches marbrées, Éditions originales de ces impressions finnoises francophones. L'auteur, le linguiste danois Vilhelm Ludvig Peter Thomsen (1842-1927), y révèle le déchiffrement des inscriptions gravées sur les stèles de la vallée du fleuve Orkhon, en Mongolie centrale : cette épigraphie est la plus ancienne écriture connue et employée pour noter le turc. Le présent exemplaire réunit la rarissime première « livraison » de 1894 (partie I. Alphabet) - imprimée en très petit nombre - et l'édition finale de 1896, tirée à part des Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne (Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimitsukia, tome V), qui contient l'intégralité du texte, avec la préface de l'auteur, la première partie (Alphabet) de nouveau, la seconde partie (I. Transcription et traduction des textes), ainsi que des additions et rectifications, un index et un appendice. ("L'inscription chinoise du monument I. Nouvelle traduction anglaise par M. E.-H. Parker). Entre les deux publications se trouve un encart de l'éditeur, justifiant le retard d'impression de la seconde partie : "L'impression de la deuxième section de ce travail subissant malheureusement (...) un retard plus considérable que l'auteur ne l'avait pensé, on a décidé de distribuer, à titre de première livraison, un nombre restreint d'exemplaires de la première section". Cette note, ainsi que l'introduction de 1896 (pp. 3-4), révèlent la course au déchiffrement et à la publication des inscriptions de l'Orkhon, qui a opposé deux équipes de savants dans les années 1890 ; l'une russe, avec le linguiste et turcologue Wilhem Radloff ou Wassili Radlov (1837-1918), l'autre finlandaise, représentée par Thomsen (voir Bazin) : Les expéditions scientifiques de l'Orkhon ont débuté en 1887-1888 ; une équipe envoyée par la Société Finlandaise d'Archéologie, sous la direction d'Aspelin, publie trente-deux relevés d'inscriptions en 1889. Au même moment, une expédition russe, menée par Nicolas Iadrintsev, est envoyée par la Société Géographique d'Irkoutsk et fait la découverte d'inscriptions gravées dans le cours supérieur de l'Ienisseï. Quelques centaines d'inscriptions datant du VIIe au Xe siècle sont ainsi découvertes. Le récolement des finlandais donne lieu à la publication d'une partie des inscriptions en 1892, tandis que, la même année Radloff publie un atlas de l'expédition russe en allemand (Atlas der Alterthümer der Mongolei. St. Petersburg: Buchdruckerei der Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1892). Le 15 décembre 1893, Thomsen présente enfin, devant l'Académie Royale des Sciences et des Lettres de Danemark, une Notice préliminaire, dans laquelle il révèle trente-huit caractères qu'il a identifiés phonétiquement de façon presque parfaite (Déchiffrement des inscriptions de l'Orkhon et de l'Iénisséi : notice préliminaire. Bull. Acad. Roy. Danemark, 1893. Copenhague Dreyer, 1894). Il ne lui manque plus qu'à publier rapidement l'édition définitive du déchiffrement de toutes les inscriptions. La première section de son travail, Alphabet, parait donc en 1894 ; or, dans l'intervalle, Radloff commence lui aussi à publier ses propres transcriptions et traductions en allemand (Die alttürkischen Inschriften der Mongolei. St Petersburg, Die alttürkischen Inschriften der Mongolei. Die Denkmäler von Koscho-Zaidam. St Petersburg, Eggers, 1894). Ainsi, Thomsen se désole-t-il : « l'éminent turcologue M. Radloff, a déjà pris les devants sur moi (...) en se servant de la clef trouvée et communiquée par moi » (Préface, p. 4). Néanmoins, Thomsen admet l'intelligence de son confrère et met à profit ses travaux pour parachever sa propre publication. Provenance : Exemplaire de travail du Couverture rigide‎

6 Images

‎Bon 54-[4]-224-[4] pp., cat.‎

‎Originalt håndskrevet postkort til ""G.E.C. Gads Universitetsboghandel"", signeret ""Vilh. Thomsen"".‎

‎Vedbæk, 27/6 [19]04. Postkort. 5 linjer. ""Jeg beder Dem skaffe mig: / A. Dirr, Grammatik der modernen / georgischen Sprache. Wien u. Leipzig / Hartleben. / Ærb. / Vilh. Thomsen.""‎

‎Nydeligt egenhændigt brevkort fra den prominente danske sprogforsker Vilhelm Thomsen (1842-1927).‎

‎Memory and Recollection in the Aristotelian Tradition. Essays on the Reception of Aristotle's De memoria et reminiscentia‎

‎, Brepols, 2021 Hardback, 266 pages, Size:156 x 234 mm, Language(s):English, French. ISBN 9782503593128.‎

‎Summary Aristotle's De memoria et reminiscentia (?On Memory and Recollection?) is the oldest surviving systematic study of the nature of human memory. Forming part of Aristotle's other minor writings on psychology that were intended as a supplement to his De anima (?On the Soul?) and known under the collective title Parva naturalia, Aristotle's De memoria et reminiscentia gave rise to a vast number of commentaries in the Middle Ages. The present volume offers new knowledge on the medieval understanding of Aristotle's theories on memory and recollection across the linguistic traditions including the Byzantine Greek, Latin and Arabic reception. TABLE OF CONTENTS Christina Thomsen Th rnqvist, Preface V ronique Decaix, Introduction Mika Per l , Aristotle's Three Questions about Memory Alexandra Michalewski, Writing in the Soul. On Some Aspects of Recollection in Plotinus Tommaso Alpina, Retaining, Remembering, Recollecting. Avicenna's Account of Memory and Its Sources Carla Di Martino, M moire, repr sentation et signification chez Averro s. Une proposition de lecture Jo l Chandelier, Memory, Avicenna and the Western Medical Tradition Julie Brumberg-Chaumont, The First Latin Reception of the De memoria et reminiscentia: Memory and Recollection as Apprehensive Faculties or as Moving Faculties? V ronique Decaix, What Is Memory of? Albert the Great on the Proper Object of Memory Sten Ebbesen, Memory Is of the Past Christina Thomsen Th rnqvist, Aristotle and His Early Latin Commentators on Memory and Motion in Sleep Dafni Argyri, The Byzantine Reception of Aristotle's De memoria Bibliography Index‎

‎1) Inscriptions de l'Orkhon, recueillies par l'expédition finnoise 1890 et publiées par la Société Finno-Ougrienne & 2) Inscriptions de l'Orkhon, déchiffrées par Vilh. Thomsen‎

‎Helsingfors, Imprimerie de la Société de Littérature Finnoise 1) 1892 & 2) 1896 1) xlix + 48pp. + 3+66 plates (detailed photographic reproductions of "Monument I", "Monument II" and "Monument III" + photographs showing general views and archaeological objects found near the monuments] + 1 map, 38cm., original 1892-edition, fine modern half cloth binding (gilt lettering on spine, original wrappers preserved), good condition [contains contributions by A. Heikel, G. v.d. Gabelentz, G. Devéria & O. Donner on the expedition and on the Orkhon inscriptions which are the oldest known examples of Old Turkic writings and an important source of Turkic legendary history, inscribed in Orkhon script on monuments erected in the 8th century in the Orkhon valley in honour of 2 Göktürk princes] & 2) 224pp., 25cm., original 1896-edition, in the series "Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimitsukia / Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne" vol.5, bound in cart.cover (marbled plates, leather spine with gilt lettering, original wrappers preserved), good condition, [contains the edition with transcription and French translation of the inscriptions by Thomsen who was able to decipher them], X74890‎

‎Den electromotoriske Kraft udtrykt i Varmeenheder. (Extract from: Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 5te Række, naturvidensk. og Matem. Afdeling, 5te. Bind.).‎

‎(København, 1861). 4to. No wrappers. Uncut and unopened. Nice and clean. (3) pp. + pp. 156-175.‎

‎First printing of Thomsen's influential paper in which he ""fund that the electromotive force can be used to calculate the mechanical work necessary for separating a compound into its elementary particles. In many instances, by measuring the electromotive force Thomsen obtained the same value for the affinity as in previous calorimetric experiments, but in other instances a difference was found. It is now known that the electrochemical measurements are theoretically correct, not the calorimetric ones."" (DSB, XIII, 359 p.) ‎

‎Albert Eckhout. Ein NiederlÀndischer Maler und sein GÃnner Moritz der Brasilianer. Ein Kulturbild aus dem 17. Jahrhundert‎

‎Thomsen, Thomas: Albert Eckhout. Ein NiederlÀndischer Maler und sein GÃnner Moritz der Brasilianer. Ein Kulturbild aus dem 17. Jahrhundert. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 183 pages, with 80 images in black and white. Cloth. 29.5 x 24cms. Text in German.‎

‎Text in German‎

‎Sekret molodosti. In Russian /The Secret of Youth ‎

‎Short description: In Russian. Thomsen, Vladimir Venediktovich. The Secret of Youth. Vladimir: Book of Editions, 1962. The image is provided for reference only. It may reflect condition of one of the available copies or only help in identifying the edition. Please feel free to contact us for a detailed description of the copies available. SKU6488499‎

‎Davayte poznakomimsya. In Russian /Let's meet ‎

‎Short description: In Russian. Thomsen, Vladimir Venediktovich. Let's meet. Moscow: Detgiz, 1960. The image is provided for reference only. It may reflect condition of one of the available copies or only help in identifying the edition. Please feel free to contact us for a detailed description of the copies available. SKU6488495‎

‎Studies on Palmyrene Sculpture. A Translation of Harald Ingholt's Studier over Palmyrensk Skulptur, Edited and with Commentary‎

‎, Brepols, 2021 Paperback, xxiv + 562 pages, Size:216 x 280 mm, Illustrations:554 b/w, 7 col., Language: English. ISBN 9782503591247.‎

‎Summary This volume presents the first English translation of Harald Ingholt's seminal work Studier over Palmyrensk Skulptur, together with a number of studies that contextualize this important volume in the light of current research. Almost a century after its publication in 1928, Ingholt's ground-breaking Danish-language monograph remains essential reading for all scholars of Palmyrene archaeology and iconography, setting out observations on the typology and style of securely dated Palmyrene portraits, and establishing a stylistic and chronological sequence that remains in use today. Included alongside the translation of Ingholt's writings are contributions by leading scholars in the field who seek to introduce Harald Ingholt and explore the impact of his work in Palmyra, as well as presenting a survey of all the portraits from Palmyra that can be securely dated by inscription. The translation and commentary have been realized as part of the Palmyra Portrait Project, directed by Prof. Rubina Raja. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures Acknowledgements Notes to the Reader Preface: An Introduction from the Ingholt-Underdown Family - HAROLD UNDERDOWN Harald Ingholt and Palmyrene Sculpture: Continuing a Lifelong Relationship a Century Later - RUBINA RAJA A Brief Note on Harald Ingholt - as I Remember Him - PEDER MORTENSEN Studier over Palmyrensk Skulptur (Studies on Palmyrene Sculpture) - HARALD INGHOLT (Translated by HEIDI FLEGAL) Figures Concordance A: Locations of Objects Concordance B: Inscriptions Appendix 1. Collecting Then and Now - OLYMPIA BOBOU and RIKKE RANDERIS THOMSEN Appendix 2. Acquisition Histories Appendix 3. Dated Palmyrene Objects Publications by Harald Ingholt Palmyra Portrait Project Publications‎

‎Atlas de l'archéologie du nord. représentant des échantillons de l'âge de bronze et de l'âge de fer, publié par la Société royale des antiquaires du Nord‎

‎Copenhague, Imprimerie de Thiele, Leipzig, Carl B. Lorck, Londres, Williams & Norgate, 1857 petit in-folio, 10 pp. de texte danois et traduction française en regard, avec 22 planches sous serpentes, demi-toile brune, dos lisse, étiquette de titre (reliure de l'éditeur). Dos insolé, rousseurs.‎

‎Christian Jörgensen Thomsen (1788-1865) fut en 1819 le premier conservateur du Oldnordisk Museum, qui allait former le noyau du futur Musée national du Danemark. Ce fut le premier à instaurer la classification des artefacts selon les trois âges successifs progressivement dégagés par les préhistoriens : âge de la pierre ; âge du bronze ; âge du fer. - - VENTE PAR CORRESPONDANCE UNIQUEMENT‎

‎Undersögelse over Vanddampene og övrige Medlemmer (Colding) (+) Om den geographiske Beskaffenhed af de danske Handelsdistrikter i Nordgrønland (Rink) (+) Om Afvigelserne i Hovedets Grundform for de forskjellige Kjön og Aldre (Siemens) (+) Bidrag til e...‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Bianco Luno, 1853. 4to. Uncut unopened in the original blank wrappers. In ""Det Kongelige Danske Bidenskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Femte Række, Tredie bind"". First quire detached as usual. Some offsetting throughout. A very nice and clean copy. XII, 377 pp. ‎

‎First appearance of this important issue of The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters' Journal containing some of the most influential Danish contributions to science from the period: - Thomsen's ""Bidrag til et thermochemisk System"" undoubtly being the main contribution by a Dane in chemistry in the 19th Century.The paper from 1852 is famous as it is the first statement of a new thermochemical nomenclatura, and the paper contains the first enunciation of the thermochemical affinity principle, which states that chemical affinity, or the attraction between substances, can be measured by the heat evolved when bodies combine. His fundamental thought was that the evolution of heat accompanying a chemical reaction (which he calls 'varmetoning', equivalent to enthalpy change) is an exact expression of the chemical affinity of the reaction.- Colding's ""Undersøgelse over Vanddampene og deres bevægende Kraft i Dampmaskinen"" being his major contribution to the development of the steam engine. ‎

‎Meeuwen en Bolders. Wedstrijd voor Korte Verhalen ingericht door Thomsen's Havenbedrijf Antwerpen.‎

‎.: 2. Antwerpen, Thomsen's Havenbedrijf, 1964, in-4°, 30,5 x 21 cm, 43 pp, met 3 volblad-illustraties van Vic van den Heuvel. Gebonden in blauwe imitatie-lederen band met geïllustreerde stofwikkel ( uitgeversband). Gedrukt op 500 exemplaren. Dit is exemplaar XIII/L van de beperkte oplage gedrukt op ''Hammermild'' papier. Mooi exemplaar.‎

‎Systematisk gennemførte Termokemiske Undersøgelsers numeriske og teoretiske Resultater.‎

‎København, Videnskabernes Selskabs Forlag, 1905. Orig. full cloth. XII,472 pp. Clean and fine.‎

‎First edition by one of the founders of thermochemistry. Thomsen's collection of thermochemical data were collected in his famous ""Thermochemische Untersuchungen"" and were summarized in the offered work, which was translated into both German and English.‎

‎ Ex-libris.‎

‎E U Thomsen (Suède) par Kr Kongstad, Ex-libris. Ex-libris, 93*56mm. [337-2] ‎

‎Bidrag til et thermochemisk System. - [THE FIRST ENUNCIATION OF THE THERMOCHEMICAL AFFINITY PRINCIPLE]‎

‎(Copenhagen, 1852). 4to. Bound in fine recent marbled boards with leather-title on frontcover with gilt lettering. pp. (115)-165 (as issued in: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter volume 5:III, 1852).‎

‎First edition of Thomsen's main contribution in the field of Thermochemistry, undoubtly the main contribution by a Dane in chemistry in the 19th Century. The paper from 1852 is famous as it is the first statement of a new thermochemical nomenclatura, and the paper contains the first enunciation of the thermochemical affinity principle, which states that chemical affinity, or the attraction between substances, can be measured by the heat evolved when bodies combine. His fundamental thought was that the evolution of heat accompanying a chemical reaction (which he calls 'varmetoning', equivalent to enthalpy change) is an exact expression of the chemical affinity of the reaction. ‎

‎Udvalgte Sagastykker, fordanskede af Grimur Thomsen.‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Klein, 1846. Orig. bogtrykt kartonnage. Slid ved kapitæler. (4),124 pp.‎

‎Fiske I:588.‎

‎FADERVOR‎

‎Milo'ske Boghandels. 1891. In-Folio. En feuillets. Bon état, Couv. convenable, Dos satisfaisant, Quelques rousseurs. Env. 30 pages. Illustré de nombreuses gravures en noir et blanc hors texte. Titre et cadres dorés sur le 1er plat. Tranche dorée. Texte en danois.. . . . Classification Dewey : 490-Autres langues‎

‎(Rare) Digt af Chr. Richardt. Tegninger af Carl Thomsen. Classification Dewey : 490-Autres langues‎

‎De l'alimentation idéale. Livre n° 5.‎

‎Copenhague, éd. Institut Martinus, 1997, in-8, br., couv. texte et ill. en noir sur fond vert clair éd., 90 pp., quelques illu. en noir, table des matières, Martinus et son œuvre, L'auteur Martinus Thomsen (1890 - 1981) était écrivain, philosophe et mystique danois. Ses écrits sont réunis sous le titre de "Le troisième testament". Notre ouvrage, édité pour la première fois en 1934, est l'exposé de sa conception de l'idéale alimentation, c'est-à-dire le végératisme voir le végan avant l'heure ! Plaidoirie pour le "manger végétal" et non animal. RARE. Très bon état ‎

‎Selecciones del Reader's Digest, La casa del bosque ; Bill W, ; Los Chicos del Brasil ; Florence Copley,‎

‎Libro algo torcido, GLN-508, Selecciones del Reader's Digest, 1977‎

‎Satisfaisant‎

‎La Casa del bosque ; Bill W, ; Los Chicos del Brasil ; Florence Copley‎

‎DX2-C317, Selecciones del Reader's Digest 1977‎

‎Satisfaisant‎