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"SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM. [Translated by:] ÖRIKAGASIZADE HASAN SIRRI.
Reference : 60040
(1884)
Venedik Taciri [Turkish, i.e. ""The merchant of Venice""] - [THE FIRST WORK BY SHAKESPEARE, TRANSLATED DIRECTLY FROM ENGLISH, TO BE PUBLISHED IN TURKEY]
Istanbul, Matbaa-i Ebuzziya, 1301 [1884]. 8vo (180 x 120 mm). Uncut, unopened. Unbound without wrappers as issued. Turkish in Arabic script. 11 loose stapled gatherings, as issued. Extremities with soiling and first leaf missing lower 5 mm, far from affecting text. Last leaf detached. Internally clean. A good copy of a very fragile publication. 176 pp.
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![Venedik Taciri [Turkish, i.e. ""The merchant of Venice""] - [THE FIRST WORK BY SHAKESPEARE, TRANSLATED DIRECTLY FROM ENGLISH, TO BE PUBLISHED IN ...](https://static.livre-rare-book.com/pictures/LLX/60040_2_thumb.jpg)
Extremely rare first Turkish translation Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice - The first work by Shakespeare, translated directly from English, to be published in Turkey, one of the very first translations of any English literature into Turkish. As Ottoman power was waning, some sultans developed a passion for Shakespeare. Sultan Abdülhamid II, who ruled about 34 years and earned fame as a despot, was a theatre buff with an intense interest in Shakespeare's tragedies and comedies. It was rumored in the late 19th century that when The Merchant of Venice was presented at the special exclusive palace theatre in ?stanbul, and Shylock began to sharpen his knife to take his revenge, the Sultan became apprehensive, actually so scared that he ran out screaming and caused the play to come to an abrupt end. The Sultan later reportedly said: ""Abandon such frightening scenes"" instead, present performances that will make us laugh"". ""The young translator, while adhering to the original, added the translator's notes to explain to the Turkish reader certain cultural features of the text [8, p. 43]. The translator himself remarked that, despite having a good command of the English language due to the specifics of Shakespeare's style, he sometimes needed to refer to French translations of the work to clarify certain points. Some translation tricks that Hasan Sirri resorted to at the time were interesting and justified. In most Shakespearean replicas with the word Jew he replaced the name of the hero - Shylock, probably in order to bypass possible conflicting moments [8, p. 45]. After all, Hasan Sirri himself occupied the position of a civil servant at the time of the translation and, given the national diversity of the Ottoman state at that time, his decision to ""avoid sharp corners"" was correct. Reading the translation of Hasan Sirri, it is also interesting to observe its accuracy in relation to the Turkish cultural heritage"" (Prushkovska1, TURKISH TRANSLATIONS OF SHAKESPEARE'S WORKS) Kitabhane-i Ebüzziya was a series published by the Turkish publisher Ebüzziya Mehmet Tevfik Bey in order to present classical and contemporary literature to a wider Turkish speaking audience.
"SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM. [Translated by:] ÖRIKAGASIZADE HASAN SIRRI.
Reference : 59728
(1908)
Hamlet. - [FIRST OTTOMAN-TURKISH TRANSLATION OF HAMLET]
Cairo, Kütübhane-i Içtihad, 1908. 8vo. In recent full calf with four raised bands. With blind-stamped ornamentation to boards in old Ottoman style. Very light occassional brownspotting, last few leaves a bit frayed, but no loss of text. Otherwise a fine copy. 243 pp
![Hamlet. - [FIRST OTTOMAN-TURKISH TRANSLATION OF HAMLET]. "SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM. [Translated by:] ÖRIKAGASIZADE HASAN SIRRI.](https://static.livre-rare-book.com/pictures/LLX/59728_1_thumb.jpg)
![Hamlet. - [FIRST OTTOMAN-TURKISH TRANSLATION OF HAMLET]. "SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM. [Translated by:] ÖRIKAGASIZADE HASAN SIRRI.](https://static.livre-rare-book.com/pictures/LLX/59728_2_thumb.jpg)
![Hamlet. - [FIRST OTTOMAN-TURKISH TRANSLATION OF HAMLET]. "SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM. [Translated by:] ÖRIKAGASIZADE HASAN SIRRI.](https://static.livre-rare-book.com/pictures/LLX/59728_3_thumb.jpg)
The very rare first complete Ottoman-Turkish translation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet. ""Although Hamlet was performed in Greek in 1842 and in Armenian in 1866 (Silahtaroglu 1989: 7), according to Savas Arslan, ""the first complete translation of Hamlet was made from the French by Abdullah Cevdet and published in Cairo"" (Arslan 2008: 159). Between 1908 and 1910, Abdullah Cevdet produced a large oeuvre of translations, including four translations of Shakespeare's tragedies: Hamlet, Macbeth, Julius Caesar, and Romeo and Juliet to Ottoman Turkish. ""A Certain Abdullah Cevdet, a doctor of medicine, a polemist, a printer, was also known as a Shakespeare idolator as he always found a way of mentioning Shakespeare in all his talks and in all his writings. Abdullah Cevdet translated and published in his own printing house first in Cairo and then in Istanbul five of Shakespeare's play, beginning with Hamlet in 1908 and ending the series with Anthony and Cleopatra in 1921"" (Turhan, Vahit. Shakespeare in Turkish). Although Hamlet was published the same year as The Second Constitutional Era Abdülhamid II seemed to be even less tolerant of the dissemination of Hamlet, Macbeth, and Julius Caesar, all being about unjust rulers who were executed. The performances of these plays were subject to strict censorship in Ottoman dominated countries and they were banned from most of them. (Paker 1986: 91), which is most likely the reason for why Abdullah Cevdet was able to publish the translations of these plays only after 1908, though he had finished translating Hamlet in 1902. ""It is necessary to note here that the initial literary import of Hamlet into the Ottoman literary system has been framed within the broader narrative of Hamidian absolutism. For instance, Ýnci Enginün points out that various attempts to perform Hamlet were turned down by Abdülhamid II in his bid to root out any attempt which would debilitate the absolute monarchy. Along similar lines, Sevda Ayluçtarhan highlights that Abdullah Cevdet’s 1908 translation of Hamlet was a ""critical text"" produced by a prominent culture-planner of the time in opposition to Abdülhamid II’s absolutist regime. Ayluçtarhan further points out that Cevdet’s Hamlet was motivated by his perception of the “parallels between Hamlet’s step-father and Abdulhamid II, who had been brought to the throne (1876) on the condition that he would promulgate the Constitution (Kanun-i Esasi) but did not really keep his promise.Cevdet’s translation was introduced to the Turkish audience at a time when the discourse of westernization was prevalent. The translation coincided with the announcement of a Constitutional Revolution that led to the dethronement of Abdülhamit II and ultimately to the promotion of western-inspired reforms. Since Cevdet was one of the ardent supporters of an Ottoman Renaissance through westernization, his translation has been framed as a symbol of the western canon within the Turkish context. For instance, Demirkol regards Cevdet’s translation as an object of culture-planning which was sought to promote westernization. In the same vein, Paker suggests that Cevdet’s Hamlet plays a ""stimulating if not revolutionary role in the intellectual re-awakening of the Ottoman political and cultural milieu""."" (Durmus, Discourses on Hamlet’s Journey in Turkey).
