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"RAYLEIGH, LORD (J.W. STRUTT) and WILLIAM RAMSAY. - THE DISCOVERY OF ARGON.
Reference : 42221
(1895)
Argon, a New Constituent of the Atmosphere. Received and Read January 31, 1895.
(London, Harrison and Sons, 1895). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 186 - I, Series A. Pp. 187-241 a. 8 textillustrations (apparatus). Fine and clean.
First printing of this importent paper in the history of chemistry, Lord Rayleigh's most famous discovery, announcing the discovery of this new gas, the first finding of one of the rare gases (inert gases) having unusual properties, and forming a distinct group in the periodic table, and all with zero valency.""The original paper in the ""Philosophical Transactions"" will undoubtly rank as a classic, the investigation having been a particularly brilliant ine."" (Ernst von Meyer in History of Chemistry). For this discovery Lord Rayleigh and W. Ramsay received the Nobel Prize (1904).After having made several measuring of the densities of gases, ""Rayleigh came across a curious puzzle. With oxygen, he always obtained the same density, regardless of how the oxygen might be produced, whether from one particular compound, from a second compound, or from the air. The situation was different with nitrogen. The nitrogen he obtained from air constantly showed a slightly higher density than the nitrogen he obtained from any of various compounds. Rayleigh could think of several ways in which the nitrogen obtained from air might be contaminated but none of the possibilities checked out experimentally. He was so frustrated that he went so far as to write to the journal ""Nature"" asking for suggestions. Ramsay, a brilliant Scottish chemist, asked permission to tackle the problem and received it. The upshot was that a new gas, somewhat denser that nitrogen, was discovered to exist in the atmosphere. It was named argon and it was the first of a series of rare gases of unusual properties whose existence had never been suspected.""(Asimow).Dibner, Heralds of Science No. 50 - Neville, Historical Chemical Library vol. II, p.358.
"RAYLEIGH, LORD (J.W. STRUTT) and WILLIAM RAMSAY. - THE DISCOVERY OF ARGON.
Reference : 49207
(1895)
Argon, a New Constituent of the Atmosphere. Received and Read January 31, 1895.
London, Harrison and Sons, 1895. 4to. Orig. full cloth. Gilt lettering to spine. Blindtooled covers. First corner a bit bumped. In ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 186 - I, Series A. XIV,(2),602,(4) pp. (Entire volume offered). The paper: p. 187-241 a. 8 textillustrations (apparatus). The title-page with faint brownspots. Otherwise internally clean and fine.
First printing of this importent paper in the history of chemistry, Lord Rayleigh's most famous discovery, announcing the discovery of this new gas, the first finding of one of the rare gases (inert gases) having unusual properties, and forming a distinct group in the periodic table, and all with zero valency.""The original paper in the ""Philosophical Transactions"" will undoubtly rank as a classic, the investigation having been a particularly brilliant ine."" (Ernst von Meyer in History of Chemistry). For this discovery Lord Rayleigh and W. Ramsay received the Nobel Prize (1904). The volume also contains WILLIAM CROOKES ""On the Spectra of Argon"", OSBORNE REYNOLD ""On the Dynamical Theory of Incompressible Viscous Fluids and the determination of the Criterion"", KARL PEARSON ""Contributions to the Mathematical Theory of Evolution. - II. Skew Variations in Homogenous Materials"" etc.After having made several measuring of the densities of gases, ""Rayleigh came across a curious puzzle. With oxygen, he always obtained the same density, regardless of how the oxygen might be produced, whether from one particular compound, from a second compound, or from the air. The situation was different with nitrogen. The nitrogen he obtained from air constantly showed a slightly higher density than the nitrogen he obtained from any of various compounds. Rayleigh could think of several ways in which the nitrogen obtained from air might be contaminated but none of the possibilities checked out experimentally. He was so frustrated that he went so far as to write to the journal ""Nature"" asking for suggestions. Ramsay, a brilliant Scottish chemist, asked permission to tackle the problem and received it. The upshot was that a new gas, somewhat denser that nitrogen, was discovered to exist in the atmosphere. It was named argon and it was the first of a series of rare gases of unusual properties whose existence had never been suspected.""(Asimow).Dibner, Heralds of Science No. 50 - Neville, Historical Chemical Library vol. II, p.358.
On the Specific Resistance of Mercury. Received April 24 - Read May 4, 1881.
(London, Harrison and Sons, 1883). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1883, Volume 174. Pp. 173-185, textillustration. Clean and fine.
First printing of one of the importent papers by Rayleigh in the search for determining the value of the Ohm.""Rayleigh's grasp of such widely diversed fields as optics and hydrodynamics, acoustics and electromagnetic theory, was phenomenal"" and only Maxwell, Kelvin, and Helmholtz came near him in this aspect of his genius.""(DSB XIII, p.102).
Experiments, by the Method of Lorentz, for the further Determination of the Absolute Value of the British Association Unit Resistance, with an Appendix on the Determination of the pitch of a Standard Tuning-Fork. Received December 8, 1882, - Read Janu...
(London, Harrison and Sons, 1884). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1883, Volume 174. - Pp. 295-322. Textillustr. Clean and fine.
First printing of an importent paper in the search for determining the value of the Ohm.""In the third phase (in the standardization of electrical units), ayleigh employed a method for determining the value of the Ohm introduced by L. Lorentz in 1873. This method, Rayleigh found, possessed the importent advantage of producing results that weree free of the influence of terrestrial magnetism and of thermoelectrical effects. Rayleigh modified Lorentz' method to make it more efficient, but without altering its essential character.""(Dong-Won Kim).
On the Constant of Magnetic Rotation of Light in Bisulphide of Carbon Received December29, 1884 - Read January 15, 1885.
(London, Harrison and Sons, 1886). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1885, Volume 176 - Part II. - Pp. 343-366, textillustrations. Clean and ine.
First printing.In this paper Rayleigh describes that in certain arrangements of 2 Nicol prism when light passing one way it is completely stopped by the second icl, but light passing the other way is completely transmitted. ""Rayleigh's grasp of such widely diversed fields as optics and hydrodynamics, acoustics and electromagnetic theory, was phenomenal"" and only Maxwell, Kelvin, and Helmholtz came near him in this aspect of his genius.""(DSB XIII, p.102).
On the Clark Cell as a Standard of Electro-motive Force. Received Jan. 7, - Read Jan. 21, 1886.
(London, Harrison and Sons, 1886). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1885, Volume 176 - Part II. - Pp. 781-800. Clean and fine.
First printing of Rayleigh's investigation of the Clark Cell that became known as the Board of Trade Cell of 1894. ""Rayleigh's grasp of such widely diversed fields as optics and hydrodynamics, acoustics and electromagnetic theory, was phenomenal"" and only Maxwell, Kelvin, and Helmholtz came near him in this aspect of his genius.""(DSB XIII, p.102).
"STRUTT, J.W. (LORD RAYLEIGH). - INTRODUCING ""ACOUSTIC CONDUCTIVITY"".
Reference : 42953
(1872)
On the Theory of Resonnance. Received July 2, - Read November 24, 1870.
(London, Taylor and Francis, 1872). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", 1871. Vol. 161- Part I. Pp. 77-118. Clean and fine.
First appearance of an a milestone paper in the theory of accoustics - Lord Rayleigh's first paper on the theory of sounds.Certain references in Helmholtz's treatise ""Lehre von der Tonempfindungen"" ""to the properties of acoustic resonators attracted his attention and led to his first elaborate research, reported in a long paper in the Philosophical Transactions (the paper offered). This article furnishes a clear indication of the method of thinking about problems that remained characteristic of all Rayleigh's later work. He endeavored to develop the mathematical theory of the subject in a form related as closely as possible to experimentally realizable situations, and then followed up the results by the attempt at direct experimental verification....In thsi paper Rayleigh first introduced the the useful concept of the 'Acoustic Conductivity' of an orifice. It has remained a standard acoustical quantity ever since, even if rather difficult to estimate theoretically for all sort of openings.""(Robert Bruce Lindsay in his introduction to Rayleigh's Theory of Sound).
Experiments to determine the Value of the British Association Unit of Resistance in Absolute Measures. Received February 15, - Read March 9, 1882.
(London, Harrison and Sons, 1883). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1882, Volume 173 - Part II. Pp. 661-697 a.1 lithographed plate (showing apparatus). A few brownspots to margins of plate. Fine and clean.
First printing of one of the main papers relating to the determination of the standard electrical unit, the relations between the ohm, the unit of resistance and the electromagnetic unit of resistance.""It is a tribute to Rayleigh's great experimental care that his final results have not been appreciably altered by more modern work. He appeared to possess the uncanny power to make the simplest of equipment produce the utmost precision.""(Robert Bruce Lindsay).
