, 1860-1887, , , tirés à part, la plupart sans couverture, Ensemble exceptionnel proposant exclusivement en tirés à part les travaux les plus importants de Jules Janssen (1824-1907), l'un des principaux acteurs du vaste mouvement d'émancipation de la photographie à la fin du XIXe siècle, et inventeur du premier exemple de chronophotographie, décrit par les frères Lumières comme l'ancêtre de leur Cinématographe. Ensemble contenant notamment l'article proposant la première description de son revolver photographique, et de ses premiers résultats, qui sont sans aucun doute le premier « film cinématographique » (Singer, A History of Technology V, p. 739) : Présentation de quelques spécimens de photographies solaires obtenues avec un appareil construit pour la mission du Japon. [suivi de ] Présentation d'un spécimen de photographies d'un passage artificiel de Vénus, obtenu avec le revolver photographique. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, [1874] ). "These small strips of photographic paper marked the foundation of a new art and a new industry" (Singer, p. 741). Est présent également dans cet ensemble unique, le rarissime tiré à part, extrait de l'Annuaire du Bureau des Longitudes pour l'an 1876 de la Mission du Japon pour l'observation du passage de Vénus, offrant la fameuse planche représentant le revolver photographique (quasiment inconnu jusqu'alors en tiré à part). De ses premiers travaux de spectroscopie, dont sa thèse, témoignant déjà de son intérêt grandissant et visionnaire pour la photographie, en passant par ses essentielles contributions à la physique céleste et notamment à ces travaux sur les protubérances solaires, présentant les premières photographies de la surface solaire, cette exceptionnelle collection présente un témoignage essentiel de l'oeuvre de ce scientifique brillant et foisonnant que fut Jules Janssen, qui publia plus de 350 articles entre 1859 et 1907 (DSB, p.77). Personnage iconoclaste de la science française, Jules Janssen fut également un homme de terrain, au goût marqué pour l'aventure, héritier des grands voyageurs et missionnaires scientifiques du XVIIe siècle, qui n'hésitaient pas à risquer leur vie dans des voyages incertains ; alors qu'il était affecté d'une claudication, il risqua à trois reprises l'ascension du Mont Blanc dans une "échelle à porteurs", afin d'installer au sommet un observatoire éphémère qui sera utilisé entre 1893 à 1909. ----- Liste détaillée des documents (ordre chronologique): - L'absorption de la chaleur rayonnante obscure dans les milieux de l'oeil. Paris, [1860]. Extrait des annales de Chimie et de physique, 3e Série, t. IX. In-8, 23-[1] pages. Tiré à part de la thèse de Jules Janssen. - Janssen et Eugène FOLIN. Considérations physiologiques sur l'éclairage et les applications à l'examen ophtalmoscopique. Paris, P. Asselin, 1861. In-8, 14-[2] pages. Première et unique édition de cet article, dans lequel on peut découvrir l'intérêt naissant de Janssen pour l'évolution des techniques photographiques, qu'il pratique déjà lui-même. Tiré à part, extrait des Archives générales de Médecine, numéro de juillet 1861. (Dans le champ des étoiles, p.24) - Sur le spectre de la vapeur d'eau. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, [1866]. In-8, 6-[2] pages. Tiré à part extrait des Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, dans lequel Il détermine le spectre de la vapeur d'eau et peut montrer que les raies telluriques sont dues à la vapeur d'eau répandue dans l'atmosphère terrestre. - Sur un voyage fait aux Açores et dans la péninsule Ibérique. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, [1867]. In-8, 2 pages. Tiré à part extrait des Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences. - Janssen et Charles SAINTE-CLAIRE DEVILLE. Récit de l'éruption sous-marine qui a eu lieu, le 1er Juin 1867 entre les îles Terceira et Graciosa, aux Açores. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1867. In-8, 8 pages. Tiré à part extrait des Comptes Couverture rigide
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"JANSSEN, PIERRE JULES CÉSAR. - THE PHOTOGRAPHIC REVOLVER AND THE ""FIRST FILM"".
Reference : 49205
(1873)
Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1873, 1874, 1874 a.1882. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences"", Vol. 76, No 11, Vol. 78, No 25, Vol. 79, No 1, Vol. 94, No 14. (3 entire issues offered). Pp. (677-) 732, pp. (1721-) 1780, pp. (5-) 72 and pp. (901-) 996. Janssen's papers: pp. 677-679, pp. 1730-31, pp. 6-7 and pp. 909-911. (The main paper having the title-page to the volume (vol. 79), stamp to title-page).
First printings of this series of epoch-making papers in which Janssen introduced the ""PHOTOGRAPHIC REVOLVER"" and its first successfull use leading to the ""First Film"" and hereby ""realized one of the operations necessary for cinematography""(DSB).In the first papers he conceived the idea of a device of historical interest, the photographic revolver, the technique of short exposures, which is announced here. The third paper is the epoch-making paper in which he specifically describes the ""revolver"" and its results, the ""first film"". The fourth paper is his responce to Marey's famous expriments with the ""revolver"" recording the flight of birds.""A long barreled canon-like automatic camera was invented in 1874 by an outstanding pioneer of modern astronomical photography, Jules Janssen. Janssen used the revolving plate technique and called his camera a 'pistol'. Janssen's method used the forerunner of a number of 'gun' cameras with a slowly revolving plate and shutter operated by clockwork. The photos were taken every 70 seconds along the margin of the negative and he used his pistol to record a 48 image sequence of the transit of Venus across the sun at an exposure rate of 1.5 seconds.""""In planning for the observation of the transit of Venus, which he was to observe in Japan on 9 Deembe 1874, Janssen decided to substitute for visual observation at the time of transit a series of photographs taken in rapid succession, which would permit him to measure the successive positions of the planet in relation to the solar limb. He ordered the construcion of an apparatus consisting of three circular disks with the same axis: the first, pierced by twelve slits, served as the shutter"the second contained a window" the photographic plate, which was circular, was fixed to the third. The first two disks turned with a synchronized movement, the shutter disk continuously and the other irregularly in the intervals of time in which the window was not swept by a slit. A series of separate images laid out on a circle was thus obtained on the plate. In a general manner the apparatus provided an analysis of a motion on the basis of the sequence of its elemental aspects. Here Janssen realized one of the operations necessary for cinematography, which was invented twenty years later, and which required, besides analysis, the synthesis of images."" (DSB).
"JANSSEN, PIERRE JULES CÉSAR - THE DISCOVERY OF HELIUM IN THE SUN.
Reference : 44231
(1878)
Paris, G. Masson, 1878. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 4e Series - Tome 15. 512 pp. a. 3 folded engraved plates. (The entire volume offered). Janssen's memoir: pp. 414-426.
First appearance of this milestone paper in chemistry, physics and astronomy, announcing the discovery of the helium lines in the spectrum of the sun. It was Lockyer in the same year that named it 'helium' for Helios, the Greek God of the Sun. Helium was not discovered on the earth before 1895 by William Ramsay, and it was Crookes who established its identity with the helium Janssen and Lockyer observed in the spectrum of the sun.""He Janssen) met immortality by travelling to India in 1868 to study the total eclipse. It was then that he observed the helium line and forwarded the spectral data to ockyer. He also noted the size of the solar prominences. The day after the eclipse he attempted to take their spectra again and succeeded despite the absence of the obscuring moon. he then announced jubilantly that it was the day after the eclipse that was the real eclipse day for him. Lockyer also reported this method of studying prominences without an eclipse....Like Lockyer he lived to see his observation of the helium line vindicated by Ramsay's discovery of that element on earth.""(Asimov).""This (the discovery of helium lines in the sun by Lockyer) was announced on the same day by the French astronomer Janssen, who was in India observing a total eclipse. As a result, the French government some ten years later struck a medallion showing the heads of both scientists.By that time, the two men had made a much more dramatic discovery at the same time, this time in cooperation. Janssen, studying the spectrum ofthe sun during the eclipse, had noted a fine line he did not recognize. he send a report on this to Lockyer, an acknowledges expert on solar spectra. Lockyer compared the reported position of the line with lines of known elements, concluding that it must belong to a yeat unknown element, possibly not even existing on the earth. He named the element, from the Greek word for the sun.""(Asimov).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1868 A. - The volume contains other notable papers by Dumas, Berthelot et al.