‎SILLITOE ALAN‎
‎THE GENERAL‎

‎The general circulation of the atmosphere: a numerical experiment. [Extracted from: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Vol. 82 No. 352, April 1956]. - [THE FIRST SUCCESFUL CLIMATE MODEL]‎

‎(London, Royal Meteorological Society, 1956). 8vo. Extracted and with a nice marbled paper-backstrip (kind of representing the elements). Damp-staining to lower part of leaves. Pp. 123-164. Illustrated. ‎

‎First printing of Phillips' seminal paper, in which he presents for the first time his mathematical model that could realistically depict monthly and seasonal patterns in the troposphere. This became became the first successful general circulation model of climate (GCM). ""Numerical models (General Circulation Models or GCMs), representing physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and land surface, are the most advanced tools currently available for simulating the response of the global climate system to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. While simpler models have also been used to provide globally - or regionally-averaged estimates of the climate response, only GCMs, possibly in conjunction with nested regional models, have the potential to provide geographically and physically consistent estimates of regional climate change which are required in impact analysis...GCMs depict the climate using a three dimensional grid over the globe, typically having a horizontal resolution of between 250 and 600 km, 10 to 20 vertical layers in the atmosphere and sometimes as many as 30 layers in the oceans."" (IPCC - International Panel on Climate Change). In 1956, Norman Phillips developed a mathematical model that could realistically depict monthly and seasonal patterns in the troposphere, thus revolutionizing weather and climate change predition. It became the first successful climate model. Following Phillips' work, several groups began working to create GCMs that are now essential to predict climate change. ""Steady improvements to short-range NWP accrued during the early 1950s, in large part due to more realistic models that accounted for energy conversion in extratropical cyclones. Encouraged by the success of these forecasts, IAS team member Norman Phillips began to contemplate longer-range prediction using the IAS computer. His work took the form of a numerical simulation of the atmosphere's general circu lation for a period of 1 month. The work was completed in 1955 and Phillips communicated the results to von Neumann, who immediately recognized their significance. Von Neumann hastily arranged a conference in October 1955, Application of Numerical Integration Techniques to the Problem of the General Circulation, held at Princeton University. In his opening statement at the conference, von Neumann said I should like to make a few general remarks concerning the problem of forecasting climate fluctuations and the various aspects of the general circulation that cause such fluctuations. Specifically, I wish to point out that the hydro-dynamical and computational efforts which have been made in connection with the problem of short-range forecasting serve as a natural introduction to an effort in this direction . . . With this philosophy in mind, we held our first meeting nine years ago at the Institute for Advanced Study to discuss the problem of short-range weather prediction. Since that time, a great deal of progress has been made in the subject, and we feel that we are now prepared to enter into the problem of forecasting the longer period fluctuations of the general circulation. (von Neumann 1955, 9-10) Following this conference, which highlighted his numerical experiment, Phillips entered the research into competition for the first Napier Shaw Memorial Prize, a prize honoring England's venerated leader of meteorology, Sir Napier Shaw (1854-1945), on the occasion of the centenary of his birth (the competition was announced in April 1954). The subject for the first competition was ""the energetics of the atmosphere."" On 20 June 1956, ""the adjudicators recommended that the prize be given to Norman A. Phillips of the Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton, U.S.A. for his essay 'The general circulation of the atmosphere: a numerical experiment,' which had been published in the Quarterly Journal [of the Royal Meteorological Society] (82, p. 1230) [April 1956] ..."" (Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 1956b)"" (Lewis: Clarifying the Dynamics of the General Circulation: Phillips's 1956 Experiment).‎

‎Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie. (i.e. The foundation of the General Theory of Relativity). - [TRANSFORMING THE SCIENTIFIC OUTLOOK OF THE 20TH CENTURY]‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1916. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. Light discolouration to margins of wrappers. Inner hinges with professional repairs. Small stamp (exlibris?) to lower part of title-page. Previous owner's name (Erik Broekmeyer) in contemporary hand to upper outer corner of title-page. A fine copy. 64 pp.‎

‎First issue of the first edition in book form, being, not an offprint of the""Annalen der Physik"" journal issue as often stated, but a separate edition of the paper, completely re-set and with significant changes and additions, including for the first time in print the ""Einleitung"" and the ""Inhalt"".The first issue is distinguished from the later reprints by the printing of ""Sonderdruck aus dem ""Annalen der Physik"" Band 49, 1916"", and ""Druck von Metzger & Wittig in Leipzig. 314"" to the verso of the title-page and ""Metzger & Wittig, Leipzig"" to the foot of the back wrapper. Furthermore, ""This separate edition is printed on good, strong paper, the wrappers are of strong material too, and it is described now as 'the original edition' of this classic paper"" (Weil). Einstein's seminal ""General Theory of Relativity"" has had an immense impact on all science, philosophy, and man's view of the world in general. Few other books of the 20th century can be said to have so basically altered the way that we view the world and our place in it. Determining space and time as being interwoven into a single continuum known as ""space-time"" and determining that there is no absolute space-time coordinate system - i.e. that there are no absolute positions in time and pace - established the fact that events that occur at the same time for one observer could occur at different times for another, i.e. all positions in space and time are relative. This general theory of relativity, here presented in its full exposition for the first time, in book form, is now a basic foundation for scientific thought.""The theory of relativity has transformed astrophysics, and indeed the whole scientific outlook."" (PMM).""Whereas Special Relativity had brought under one set of laws the electromagnetic world of Maxwell and Newtonian mechanics as far as they applied to bodies in uniform relative motion, The General Theory did the same thing for bodies with the accelerated relative motion epitomized in the acceleration of gravity. But first it had been necessary for Einstein to develop the true nature of gravity from his principle of equivalence...Basically, he proposed that gravity was a function of matter itself and that its effects were transmitted between contiguous portions of space-time... Where matter exists, so does energy"" the greater the mass of matter involved, the greater the effect of the energy which can be transmitted. In addition, gravity affected light... exactly as it affected material particles. Thus the universe which Newton had seen, and for which he had constructed his apparently impeccable mechanical laws, was not the real universe... Einstein's paper gave not only a correct picture of the universe but also a fresh set of mechanical laws by which its details could be described"" (R.W. Clark). ""This paper was the first comprehensive overview of the final version of Einstein's general theory of relativity after several expositions of preliminary versions and latest revisions of the theory in November 1915. It includes a self-contained exposition of the elements of the tensor calculus that are needed for the theory. (T. Sauer in Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics). PMM: 408. Horblit 26 c. Weil 80.Boni: 78,1 Schilpp-Schields: 86. ‎

‎Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie. (The foundation of the General Theory of Relativity). - [TRANSFORMING THE SCIENTIFIC OUTLOOK OF THE 20TH CENTURY]‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1916. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. Top part of spine loosening, but fully intact and completely unrestored. A bit of dusting to wrappers. Front wrapper with some mild brownspotting to upper part and left margin. Lower right corner has been bent, leaving a crease. A few nicks to extremities. Title-page with light brownspotting to upper margin and an old owner's name across the middle (""Ernst Helmut Klein""). 64 pp.‎

‎First issue of the first edition in book form, being, not an offprint of the""Annalen der Physik"" journal issue as often stated, but a separate edition of the paper, completely re-set and with significant changes and additions, including for the first time in print the ""Einleitung"" and the ""Inhalt"".The first issue is distinguished from the later reprints by the printing of ""Sonderdruck aus dem ""Annalen der Physik"" Band 49, 1916"", and ""Druck von Metzger & Wittig in Leipzig. 314"" to the verso of the title-page and ""Metzger & Wittig, Leipzig"" to the foot of the back wrapper. Furthermore, ""This separate edition is printed on good, strong paper, the wrappers are of strong material too, and it is described now as 'the original edition' of this classic paper"" (Weil). Einstein's seminal ""General Theory of Relativity"" has had an immense impact on all science, philosophy, and man's view of the world in general. Few other books of the 20th century can be said to have so basically altered the way that we view the world and our place in it. Determining space and time as being interwoven into a single continuum known as ""space-time"" and determining that there is no absolute space-time coordinate system - i.e. that there are no absolute positions in time and pace - established the fact that events that occur at the same time for one observer could occur at different times for another, i.e. all positions in space and time are relative. This general theory of relativity, here presented in its full exposition for the first time, in book form, is now a basic foundation for scientific thought.""The theory of relativity has transformed astrophysics, and indeed the whole scientific outlook."" (PMM).""Whereas Special Relativity had brought under one set of laws the electromagnetic world of Maxwell and Newtonian mechanics as far as they applied to bodies in uniform relative motion, The General Theory did the same thing for bodies with the accelerated relative motion epitomized in the acceleration of gravity. But first it had been necessary for Einstein to develop the true nature of gravity from his principle of equivalence...Basically, he proposed that gravity was a function of matter itself and that its effects were transmitted between contiguous portions of space-time... Where matter exists, so does energy"" the greater the mass of matter involved, the greater the effect of the energy which can be transmitted. In addition, gravity affected light... exactly as it affected material particles. Thus the universe which Newton had seen, and for which he had constructed his apparently impeccable mechanical laws, was not the real universe... Einstein's paper gave not only a correct picture of the universe but also a fresh set of mechanical laws by which its details could be described"" (R.W. Clark). ""This paper was the first comprehensive overview of the final version of Einstein's general theory of relativity after several expositions of preliminary versions and latest revisions of the theory in November 1915. It includes a self-contained exposition of the elements of the tensor calculus that are needed for the theory. (T. Sauer in Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics). PMM: 408. - Horblit 26 c. - Weil 80. - Boni: 78,1 - Schilpp-Schields: 86.‎

‎Military-statistical compendium for 1868, compiled under the general editorship‎

‎Military-statistical compendium for 1868, compiled under the general editorship of Major-General N.N. Obruchev. In 4 volume 3. Persia, Avganistan, Baluchistan, Central Asian holdings, Japan, North American United States, Mexico, Brazil and the republics of Cernei and South America. St. Petersburg, 1868./Voenno-statisticheskiy sbornik na 1868 god sost. pod obshch. red. G.Sh. general-mayora N.N. Obrucheva. V 4 vyp. Vyp. 3. Persiya, Avganistan, Beludzhistan, Sredne-Aziatskie vladeniya, Yaponiya, Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye shtaty, Meksika, Braziliya i respubliki Serney i Yuzhnoy Ameriki. S.Pb. 1868. Military-statistical compendium for 1868, compiled under the general editorship of Major-General N.N. Obruchev. In 4 volume 3. Persia, Avganistan, Baluchistan, Central Asian holdings, Japan, North American United States, Mexico, Brazil and the republics of Cernei and South America. St. Petersburg, 1868. We have thousands of titles and often several copies of each title may be available. Please feel free to contact us for a detailed description of the copies available. The delivery of this book might be delayed beyond the usual timeframe due to extended processing and preparation before shipment, and faster shipping options are not offered. Please inform us if you need the order by a certain date or have a deadline.SKUbd-f7bfb1dd0e750c46‎

‎E.I. Martynov, Major General of the General Staff. From the sad experience of t‎

‎E.I. Martynov, Major General of the General Staff. From the sad experience of the Russo-Japanese War. In Russian /Martynov E.I., Generalnogo shtaba general-mayor. Iz pechalnogo opyta Russko-Yaponskoy voyny. St. Petersburg: Military Printing House (in the building of the General Staff), 1906, 176c. We have thousands of titles and often several copies of each title may be available. Please feel free to contact us for a detailed description of the copies available. SKUalb57354cf4694cfb65.‎