STOCK. Collection La Culture Moderne n°6. 1924. In-16. Broché. Etat d'usage, Couv. défraîchie, Dos frotté, Intérieur frais. 126 pages. Couverture partiellement détachée.. . . . Classification Dewey : 840.091-XX ème siècle
Reference : R160090975
Classification Dewey : 840.091-XX ème siècle
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"BECQUEREL, HENRI., MARIE CURIE, PIERRE CURIE, GUSTAVE BÉMONT, EUGÈNE DEMARÇAY. - THE DISCOVERY OF RADIOACTIVITY, RADIUM & POLONIUM DISCOVERED.
Reference : 49475
(1896)
Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1896 a. 1898. 4to. Bound in 2 contemp. hcloth, spines gilt and with gilt lettering. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 122 a. 127. - 1633 pp. + 1302 pp. Both with halftitle and title-page. Title-pages with a punched stamp to lower margin. The papers (tome 122:) pp. 420-421, 501-503, 559-564, 689-694, 762-767, 1086-1088. (Tome 127:) pp. 175-178, 1215-1217, 1218. Internally clean and fine.
First appearance of the landmark papers in which Becquerel documents his discovery of Radio-activity, PROMPTING THE NUCLEAR AGE, and the papers which the Curies announced the discoveries of the 2 elements Polonium and Radium.Becquerel was an expert in fluorescence and phosphorescence, continuing the work of his father and grandfather. Follwing the discovery of X-rays by Röntgen, Bexquerel investigated fluorescent materials to see if they also emitted X-rays. He exposed a fluorescent uranium salt, pechblende, to light and then placed it on a wrapped photographic plate.He found that a faint image was left on the plate, which he believed was due to the pichblende emitting the light it had absorbed as a more penetrating radiation.. However, by chace, he left a sample that had not been exposed to light on top of a photographic plate in a drawer. he noticed that the photographic plate also had a a faint image of the pechblende. After several chemical tests he concluded that these ""Becquerel rays"" were a property of atoms. He had, by chace, discovered radio-activity and prompted thee beginning of the nuclear age. He shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 with Marie and Pierre Curie. The ""Becquerel Rays"" were later discovered to be a composite of three forms of emanation, distinguished by Rutherford as alpha, beta and gamma rays.Dibner: 163 (the later Mémoire from 1903) - PMM: 393 (1903- Mémoire) - Garrison & Morton: 2001 (only the first paper). - Magie ""A Sourve Book in Physics"" p. 610 ff. - Norman:157. ""The Curie's owned their success to an extremely sensitive electroscopic apparatus constructed by Pierre and his brother Jacques, which made possible a ""new method of chemical analysis based on the precise measurement of radium emitted, a method still in use.""(DSB).Becquerel's discovery of the radioactive properties of uranium (1896) inspired Marie and Pierre Curie to investigate radiation. They reported their researches in a series of papers from 1897 in the Comptes rendus. First they isolated a new substance about three hundred times as active as radium. This they called Polonium in honour of Marie's native Poland. A further examnination of the residue of Pitchblende after the removal of uranium and polonium disclosed residual radio-activity far greater than was possessed by either substance alone. To this material the name Radium was given. The radium was found to be about two million times as radio-active as uranium.Garrison & Morton: 2003. - Magie ""A Source Book in Physics"" p. 613 ff.
"CURIE, PIERRE & MARIE SKLODOWSKA CURIE & EUG. DEMARCAY. - RADIUM & POLONIUM DISCOVERED.
Reference : 30684
(1898)
Paris, (1898). 4to. Uncut and unopened in marbled covers. Kept in a full cloth-box. Large copy, printed on better paper. pp. 175-178 and pp. 1215-17 and p. 1218 in: ""Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Academie des Sciences"" tome 127 No 3 and No 26 (comprising pp. 143-207 (no. 3) and pp. 1211-1218 (of No 26)).
First editions of the announcements of the discoveries of the 2 elements Polonium and Radium.""Inspired by the research of Becquerel (her teacher and friend) in radioactivity, Mme. Curie and her husband Pierre, worked in the laboratories of the Sorbonne upon uranium and thorium. They also observed that certain substances exhibited much greater radioactivity than the amount of these substances indicated. Further investigation led to the discovery of a new element, polonium, in pitchblende from Bohemia. In december 1898, it was disclosed that compounds of barium extracted from pitchblende contained a new radioactive substance a million times more active than that of the uranium of Becquerel"" it was named ""radium"". From several tons of pitchblende, they were able to extract a decigram of pure radium in 1902, and determined its atomic weight at 225. In the following year the Nobel prize was awarded jointly to Becquerel and the Curies."" (Bernt Dibner). In the last paper Eugene Demarcay spectroscopically examines the substance for the Curies and confirms the existence of a previously unknown element. - Garrison & Morton No 2003 (describing the use of radium in medicine) - Dibner no. 164 (the note) - Norman No 545 (sale no 994) - Grolier Medicine No 84 B.
"BECQUEREL, HENRI et P. (PIERRE) CURIE. - REPORTING PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIUM.
Reference : 47432
(1901)
(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1901. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 132, No 22.. Pp. (1277-) 1375. (Entire issue offered). The paper: pp. 1289-1291.
First printing of a milestone paper in medical physiology as the report given of the physiological effects (radiactive burns) on his own arm lead directly to study the actions of radium on different diseases and its medical use in general. Radium's use gave promising results as it destroyed diseased cells, tumors and some cancers. The therapeutic method was to be called ""Curietherapy"".""The German scientists Walkhoff and Giesel announced in 1900 that the new substance had certain physiological effects" Pierre Curie at once applied the technique which seemed to him most practical. Indifferent to danger, he exposed his arm to the action of radium. To his joy, a lesion appeared. He watched over it, followed its evolution and, in a report to the Academy, phlegmatically described the symptoms observed (the offered paper).After the action of the rays, the skin became red over a surface of six square centimetres the appearance was that of a burn, but the skin was not painful, or barely so. At the end of several days the redness, without growing larger, began to increase in intensity on the twentieth day it formed scabs, and then a wound which was dressed with bandages" on the forty-second day the epidermis began to form again on the edges, working toward the centre, and fifty-two days after the action of the rays there was still a surface of one square centimetre in the condition of a wound, which assumed a greyish appearance indicating deeper mortification."" (Third Millenium Library. Biohistory).
"CURIE, P. (PIERRE) et A. DEBIERNE. - MEASURING ABSOLUTE TIME FOR THE FIRST TIME
Reference : 47431
(1901)
(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1901. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 133, No 5 and No 23. Pp. (969-) 1044 and pp. (909-) 966. The papers: pp. 276-279 + pp. 931-934 (both from vol. 133, and entire issues offered) + Tome 135, No 20. Pp. (821-) 880. (Entire issue offered). The paper: pp. 857-59. + Tome 136, No 4. Pp. (181-) 262. (Entire issue offered). The paper: pp. 223-226.
First printing of these four papers, constituting a revolution in time measuring, as Pierre Curie here defined a STANDARD FOR THE ABSOLUTE MEASURING OF TIME ON THE BASIS OF RADIOACTIVITY, and hereby departing from the relative measurements in geology and archaeology.After the discovery of Polonium and Actinium (1898 a. 1899 ) further discoveries followed. ""First came the announcement in 1899 by Marie Curie of induced radioactivity, brought about by the action of polonium or radium on inactive substances. The induced radioactivity persisted over a considerable period of time, a phenomenon of great concern to Pierre Curie. He took up the question with Debierne, with whom he published two papers in 1901(the first two papers offered)"" their experiments could be explained by Rutherford’s theory of emanation (radon), a radioactive gas emitted by radium. With J. Danne, Curie measured the diffusion coefficient of radium emanation in the air and proved, as Rutherford had done, that it liquefies at - 150°C. In order to clarify the nature of the emanation he studied the law of diminution of the activity of a solid after having removed it from a chamber in which a radium salt was present. In two notes presented to the Academy on 17 November 1902 and 26 January 1903 (the third and fourth papers offered), Curie showed that this activity diminishes according to an exponential law characterized by a time constant that, for the emanation, is equal to 5,752 days, regardless of the conditions of the experiment. The importance of this discovery, which marks the point of departure for all modern measurements of archaeological and geological dating, did not escape his, for at a meeting of the Société Française de Physidque in 1902 he defined a standard for the absolute measurement of time on the basis of radioactivity. Almost immediately Rutherford and Soddy showed that the exponential diminution was caused by the transmutation of radioactive elements."" (DSB. Pierre Curie).
Le Journal de Physique et le Radium - Buisson (H.) et Fabry (Ch.) - Bruhat (G.) - Petropoulos (C.-J.) - Lachs (H.) et Herszfinkel (H.)
Reference : 48181
(1921)
Journal de Physique et le Radium Malicorne sur Sarthe, 72, Pays de la Loire, France 1921 Book condition, Etat : Bon broché grand In-8 1 vol. - 70 pages
Contents, Chapitres : H. Buisson et Ch. Fabry : Mesures de longueurs d'ondes dans l'extrémité ultra-violette du spectre solaire - G. Bruhat : Etude théorique des propriétés des fluides au voisinage du point critique - C.-J. Petropoulos : Nouveau montage électrique pour la production d'ondes sonores - H. Lachs et H. Herszfinkel : Etat des produits de l'émanation du radium dans l'eau, étudié en relation avec les phénomènes de l'adsorption et de l'isotopie - Revue bibliographique sont jointes la table de l'année 192 (tome 1, série 1) ainsi qu'un fascicule sur les fêtes commémoratives du centenaire des découvertes d'Ampère