‎ROUSSEAU Jean-Jacques;‎
‎Emile, ou de l'éducation‎

‎Émile ou de l'éducation. 4 Tomes. - [THE EDUCATION OF MAN]‎

‎A la Haye, Chez Jean Néaulme, (Recte: Paris, Duchesne), 1762. 8vo. Bound in four beautiful uniform contemporary full mottled calf bindings with gilt title-and tome-lables to richly gilt spines. Gilt line-border to edges of bords. Lovely patterned edges. Spines and some corners lightly and expertly restored, barely noteable. Occasional very light brownspotting or dusting, but overall very nice and clean. Printed on good, heavy paper, with wide margins. An excellent copy. (2), VIII, (2), 466, (6) pp. + (4), 407, (1) pp. + (4), 384 pp." (4), 455, (1) pp. + 5 engraved plates (used as frontispieces and facing p. (141) of vol. 1 respectively). The first plate ""Thétis"" in the variant state without title (as described in MacEachern). Fully complete, exactly as described in MacEachern. With all the misprints: Vol. 1: 88 as S8, 443 as 433, 465 as 46" vol. 2: 356 as 256, 357 as 257 vol. 3: 383 as 363 vol. 4: 336 with first 3 broken (according to McEachern this is just the case in some copies). With the usual cancelled leaves: Vol 1: Av + B4" vol. 2: H3 + N6 (called I6). The final leaf ends with ""FIN"" and has no grapes (MacEachern: ""The grapes appear in three different forms..."").‎

‎The very scarce actual first edition, being the rarer, more sought-after, nicer 8vo-edition (as opposed to the much more common 12mo edition, which was printed about simultaneously, but which seems to have appeared later), the 8vo format also being the one preferred by Rousseau himself and the format in which he wanted his great work to appear.This magnificent work constitutes the climax of Rousseau's genius as well as the most important work on education since Plato. In Émile, Rousseau poses an entirely new approach to education and the upbringing of children. His thoughts were exceedingly controversial, the work was burnt by the executioner immediately after its first appearance and Rousseau had to flee the country due to a warrant for his arrest. The printing history of ""Émile"" is extremely complicated and has been a matter of intense dispute for many decades. Until Maceachern's bibliography from 1989, the edition that has now been established as the ""Second Paris octavo"" (MacEachern 4A) was generally considered the first printing of the work, but there is no longer any dispute about the fact that the present edition is in fact the actual first (1A). The first edition appeared in both 8vo(1A) and 12mo(1B), and it seems to be generally accepted that the 8vo-edition was distributed first, but that parts of the 12mo-edition may have been in printing a bit earlier. Rousseau himself seems to have preferred the 8vo-edition and wished for his great work to appear as this form first (""The question of the format gave rise to some dissension, for while Rousseau felt that the work was more suited to the octavo format, Duchesne preferred to print a duodecimo and only a limited number of the more expensive octavo. Rousseau finally agreed to Duchesne's plan with reluctance, declaring that in his opinion Duchesne was committing an error of judgment and that the octavo would certainly be the more sought after of the two formats."" - MacEachern, pp. 18-19). Rousseau himself was more involved in the coming-to-be of ""Émile"" than perhaps any other author has been in any other book. Throughout the entire process there were a large number of misunderstandings between himself and Duchene which more than once endangered the printing and publishing of this seminal work, and which has contributed greatly to the extremely complicated bibliographical data of it. In fact, up until very late in the process, Rousseau did not believe that the work was actually going to be finished and it took several instances of mediation between the two to keep the work on tracks. Finally, however, the work was a reality, and with it one of the greatest works of Western culture had been born.Rousseau's ""Émile"" constitutes the most significant modern treatise on the education of man, surpassed only by Plato's ""Republic"". The comparison with Plato is all the more apt, seeing that both works grow out of and are meant to remedy lacunae in the political philosophy of their authors.The conclusion to Rousseau's work on the social contract, also written during Rousseau's stay in Montmorency, had pointed to a predicament of political thought: that only if man were himself naturally inclined to freedom, could he make use of political freedom. ""Émile"" is the analysis of the conditions, under which a child can develop into a free human being. As such, it presents the conclusion to Rousseau's earlier works on inequality, political freedom and servitude.The paradox of Émile is that, while the development of human nature must be natural, if the child is to develop into a free human being, steering that development in the right - that is, free - direction requires constant intervention which, moreover, must be hidden from the child. Rousseau details this intervention in his analysis of the five stages in the education of the child, covering the period from birth to the age of 25.Being one of the most influential thinkers of the 18th century, Rousseau is considered one of the indirect causes of the French Revolution. In Rousseau one certainly finds one of the most influential spokesmen for 18th century thought, and it is primarily the thoughts of him and Voltaire that are put into action with the Revolution.""The first and last of these (i.e. Héloise and Émile), with their sentimental expression of deism, gave much offence, and Rousseau, like Voltaire, was forced to flee to Prussia. Restless and locally unpopular, he fled again to England, where he had a great welcome. Hume, who had offered him asylum, looked after him patiently..."" (PMM 207, Printing and the Mind of Man).The totalitarian tendency of Rousseau's philosophy of education has been noted by a number of philosophers, in recent times most famously, Karl Popper.McEachern: 1A ‎

‎Emile, ou de l'éducation. Par J.J. Rousseau, Citoyen de Genève. [Suivi de: Supplément à l'Emile (...) Emile et Sophie].‎

‎ 4 volumes in-12, plein veau marbré de l'époque, dos lisses ornés de compartiments fleuronnés et cloisonnés, pièces de titre et de tomaison de maroquin bronze (reliure abîmée), (2), viii, (2) d' 'explications' et 'fautes', 466 p.; (4), 407 p.; (4), 381 p. et (4), 455 p., 112 p. pour 'Emile et Sophie', titres noir et rouge, 5 figures par Eisen gravées par Le Grand, Longueil et Pasquier. Amsterdam, Jean Néaulme, 1762 [i.e. Paris, Duchesne, 1774-1780].‎

‎Edition à la date de l'originale, troisième édition parisienne in-12° publiée à Paris chez Duchesne, selon McEachern, illustrée de 5 planches par Eisen, gravées par Le Grand, Longueil et Pasquier.Un des rares exemplaires à comporter le "Supplément à l'Emile" en pagination séparée à la suite du tome IV, dans une composition typographique différente. 'Emile et Sophie', suite peu connue de "l'Emile", désenchantée et déprimée, est demeurée inachevée par Rousseau. "Cest le roman expérimental de l 'Emile'. Rousseau veut mettre ses deux élèves à lépreuve de la nécessité pour vérifier leur liberté intérieure devant les aléas de lexistence. Comment vont-ils assumer lune un adultère malgré elle, lautre une rupture dont il se sent victime? " (cf. Frédéric S. Eigeldinger, Ed. Champion).Selon McEachern, qui se base sur le filigrane, cette édition serait antidatée et n'aurait pas été publiée avant 1774 et pour 'Emile et Sophie' après 1780, date de la première édition. Collation des faux-titres et titre conforme à la description donnée par McEachern.(Cohen, 436. McEachern, n°7, p. 123. Gagnebin, n°7-8, p. 1868).Reliure abîmée: mors fendillés, coiffes usées, épidermures, galerie de vers. Bon était intérieur. ‎

‎1- [LEGRAND (Louis)]. Censure de la Faculté de Théologie de Paris, Contre le Livre qui a pour titre, "Emile, ou de l'Éducation". Paris, P. Al. Le Prieur, 1762. 352 p. titre compris (précédé de):2- [ANDRE (Jean)]. Réfutation du nouvel ouvrage de Jean-Jacques Rousseau, intitulé Emile, ou de l'Éducation. Paris, Desaint & Saillant, 1762. (4), 277, (1) p.‎

‎ 2 ouvrages reliés en un volume in-8, plein veau de l'époque, dos à 5 nerfs orné de compartiments fleuronnés et cloisonnés, pièces de titre et de tomaison de maroquin rouge et vert, filet doré sur les coupes, tranches rouges. ‎

‎1- Edition originale. La 'Censure', rédigée par l'abbé Le Grand docteur de Sorbonne qui devint censeur royal, où sont réfutées point par point les dix-neuf "hérésies" relevées dans "L'Emile" par la Faculté de théologie de Paris. Elle est précédée de la "relation des circonstances qui décidèrent l'examen de cet ouvrage", et du discours de Jean-Clément Gervaise, syndic de la faculté de théologie.La Censure fut achevée le 20 Août 1762; l'archevêque de Paris condamna "L'Emile" par un mandement du 28 août. De son côté, dès le 9 juin, le parlement avait ordonné que le livre, jugé impie et dangereux, soit lacéré et brûlé de la main du bourreau et que son auteur soit décrété de prise de corps. Rousseau dut fuir seul, avec l'aide du maréchal de Luxembourg. Proscrit de France, mais aussi des Pays-Bas, de Genève et de Berne, il se réfugia à Yverdon chez son ami Daniel Roguin.(Peignot, 'Livres condamnés au feu', II, p. 94. Monod, p. 563. Conlon, 'Rousseau', n° 236).2- Edition originale. "C'est la méthode de Pascal qu'adopte André. Il voit d'emblée le point faible de Rousseau: l'état misérable de l'homme est injustifiable dans le théisme. Rousseau l'attribue bien au libre arbitre et pense avec tous les chrétiens, contre Bayle, que Dieu ayant 'voulu communiquer à ses créatures la dignité de la causalité' (Pascal), la misère avec la liberté est préférable à une servitude dorée" (Monod, p. 415). (Conlon, 'Rousseau', n° 194. Monod, p. 563).Coiffes usées, mors fendillés. Commentaires anciens manuscrits au verso du faux-titre.Bon exemplaire, relié à l'époque. ‎

‎Emile, ou de l'Education. - Supplément à l'Emile, ou de l'Education de J.J. ROUSSEAU.‎

‎Chez Jean Néaulme Libraire Amsterdam 1762 4 volumes in-12 ( 170 X 100 mm ) de ( 2 )-VIII-( 2 )-466 ( 4 )-407-( 1 ) ( 4 )-381 et ( 4 )-455 pages, + 112 pages de "Supplément à l'Emile, ou de l'Education de J.J. ROUSSEAU", plein veau fauve marbré, dos lisses ornés de caissons et fleurons dorés, coupes filetées d'or, tranches brique ( Reliures de l'époque ). Cinq figures par EISEN gravées par Legrand, Longueil et Pasquier. Edition à la date de l'originale, un des rares exemplaires à comporter le "Supplément à l'Emile" en pagination séparée à la suite du tome IV. 3 coiffes usées, 2 mors fendillés, bons exemplaires.‎

‎Émile ou de l'éducation.‎

‎Jean-Jacques ROUSSEAU. Émile ou de l'éducation. Ouvrage complet, issu des oeuvres complètes. Grand Papier à Marges. 5 gravures sur acier. 1796, Lyon. 4 vol. in-8 à marges, en brochage d'attente, dos ornés de pièces de titre imprimées en papier. Intérieur frais. État convenable, bas de dos du deuxième volume légèrement décollé. Rare édition. Assez bon‎